泽熙美文Cloze Test
Amongst a multiplicity of other topics, we took occasion to talk of the different characters of the several 1 of Europe; when one of the gentlemen, cocking his hat, and 2 such an air of importance as if he had possessed all the 3 of the English nation in his own person. He 4 that the Dutch were a parcel of avaricious wretches; the French a of 5 sycophants; that the Germans were drunken sots, and 6 gluttons; and the Spaniards proud, haughty, and surly 7 ; but that in bravery, generosity, clemency, and in 8 other virtue, the English excelled all the rest of the 9 .
1.
A.provinces
B.states
C.nations
D.capitals
正确答案：C
[解析] 判断该句选项词的重要语境参照是之后出现的the English nation，the Dutch，the French，the Germans，the Spaniards，从这些词来看，此空漏掉的应该是C项的nations。实事上，任何一个语篇，特别是任何一篇语言逻辑严谨的文章，词与词、句与句都是相互关联的。由此说来，从上下文或语境中寻找选词的参照就成了做“完形填空”的一种答题技巧。
2.
A.making
B.assuming
C.fabricating
D.demonstrating
正确答案：B
[解析] 答此题所牵涉的是词语的搭配。就英语的很多表示法而言，特别是动宾结构和诸如介词词组、形容词词组和习惯用语等，其搭配大都是约定成俗的。就本题而言，从宾语such an air of importance来看，其动词不是putting on就是assuming。再一看选项词，尽管从语法角度四个词都不违背语法规则，但更准确的无疑是B项。
3.
A.merit
B.qualities
C.integrity
D.characteristics
正确答案：A
[解析] 从横线之前的语言成分来看，尽管四个词都沾边儿，但更准确的当属A项的merit。此题答题所涉及的是对词汇语境义细节及邻词意味的把握。
4.
A.convinced
B.proclaimed
C.claimed
D.declared
正确答案：D
[解析] 一看题干便知此空漏掉的词是个谓语动词，但问题是，四个选项词从形式上均是动词的过去式，在语法上没有犯忌之嫌。然而，如果我们把四个词分别填入空中则会发现：A项convinced一词，从语法角度分析，其前缺少个be动词was；B项的proclaimed意为“宣告”、“声明”等，从该句宾语从句引导出的内容来看，不符合该句的语境意；C项的claimed一词，其意也和该句的语境意难以吻合，只有将D项的declared填入才恰如其分。
5.
A.discouraging
B.flattering
C.encouraging
D.whispering
正确答案：B
[解析] 答此题有个难点，即：横线之后sycophants一词是个陌生词。更糟糕的是，从表面看来又没有清晰的语境作参照，那就只能从跟随declared that之后作者对四个国家的人的综合描述寻摸线索了。再一扫作者对Dutch，the French，the Germans，the Spaniards的总体描述，其描述均属贬义，故可断定漏词肯定是用来修饰贬义词sycophants的。接下来再看四个选项词：A、C、D三项的意思均不如B项的flattering更沾边儿，因此也就只能选B项了。另：sycophants的意思为“谗言者”。
6.
A.snobbishly
B.beastly
C.impolitely
D.dishonestly
正确答案：B
[解析] 此题的答题难点和第五题一样，也是被修饰词很陌生。再一看四个选项词，无一例外地都带贬义。在这个时候，除了选个最具贬义性的词beastly，也就无它可选了。但是，这种抉择仍是有据可依的，这个“据”就是文中对四个国家的人的描述取向之“贬”。
7.
A.snobs
B.masters
C.migrants
D.tyrants
正确答案：D
[解析] 答此题的判断线索当是the Spaniards之proud和haughty两个形容词，而之后surly所修饰的词无疑是proud和haughty的递进，即tyrants。
8.
A.every
B.most
C.each
D.major
正确答案：A
[解析] 此题一般不会答错，因为every other是个常见的搭配。假设答题者不熟悉这种搭配，一旦将其他三个选项词填在横线上，均和该句的意思及语法相悖。
9.
A.country
B.locality
C.world
D.Europe
正确答案：C
[解析] 本语篇讲的是那个“盛气凌人”、“自以为是”及“趾高气扬”的英国人怎样地“贬低”其他国家的人。这样一来，the English excelled all the rest of the ______，当然不是country，locality和Europe，而是the world，
But that’s exactly what it faced after the Soviet Union collapsed. Living conditions slid, TB cases rose and budget funds withered to the 10 where prison administrators could barely provide their charges 11 the necessary 2,800 daily calories. The scarcity of medicine created 12 danger. “We have half the medicine we need,” says Ludmilla Neshumae, 13 director at the holding center in Ulan-Ude, in Buryatia, along the eastern 14 of Lake Baikal. “But we do what we can with it.” Such 15 good intentions make fertile ground for drug-resistant TB strains, which 16 when antibiotics don’t kill all of the bacteria, and those that 17 develop an immunity to drugs. So far this year, 94 percent of the 18 in Buryatia with active TB were found to carry drug-resistant type.
10.
A.height
B.end
C.point
D.core
正确答案：C
[解析] 从语法和词汇搭配角度分析，四个选项词均可与to the相搭，然而，从语义角度分析，特别是考虑到where prison administrators could barely provide…一语的意思，只有C项的point才与该句的语境义相契合，故选C。
11.
A.in
B.along
C.against
D.with
正确答案：D
[解析] 答此题的关键是了解空前动词provide的用法。该词常用的结构有三：一是to provide…二是to provide… with…三是to provide…for…第一种用法意即“提供某物”，第二种用法为“向……提供……”，第三种用法为“为……提供……”。就此句而言，只有D项的with可选。
12.
A.more
B.another
C.worse
