Vocabulary and Grammar
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
1. Many auto accidents were ______ to careless driving.
A.attributed
B.attested
C.attached
D.attuned
正确答案:A
[解析] 许多交通事故都可归咎于粗心驾驶。
A.attributed“把……归因于;认为……是由于”
B.attested“证明”
C.attached“把……固定,把……附(在……上)”
D.attuned“使协调,接受”
2. A 15-year-old girl has been arrested ______ accusations of using Instagram to anonymously threaten her high school.
A.over
B.with
C.on
D.for
正确答案:C
[考点] 本题考查arrest后的介词搭配。
[解析] 一位15岁的女孩已经被捕,她被指控用Instagram匿名威胁其高中。
arrest sb. on charges/accusations of doing sth. 意为“逮捕某人因其受到做某事的指控”,如He was arrested on charges of supplying drugs. “他因受到提供毒品的指控被捕。”据此可知C项正确。
3. According to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the ______ of 59 per cent.
A.ratio
B.percentage
C.proportion
D.rate
正确答案:D
[考点] 词汇辨析
[解析] 按照新的税收法,凡是收入超过那个标准的都要按59%的税率征税。
名词词义和用法辨析题。rate“比率”通常用于at the rate of(按……的比率),故D项正确。A项ratio “比,比率”,多以具体数据体现两个关系平行的事物的数量之比,所涉及的两个比较项必须同时出现;B项percentage“百分比”,因后面已经出现百分数,可排除此项;C项proportion“比例”,通常用于in proportion to(依照比例;和……相比)和in the proportion of(以……的比例)。
4. Sometimes they ______ their students’ poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.
A.distribute
B.attribute
C.contribute
D.consider
正确答案:B
[解析] 有时候他们把学生理解能力差的原因归结为智力低下。
A.distribute sth. to sb. “把某物分发给某人”
B.attribute sth. to sth. “将……归结为……的原因”
C.contribute to sth. “为……做贡献”
D.consider sb. /sth. (to be)sth. “认为,觉得……”
5. The employers prepared, with all due ______, for a conference with the Trade Unions.
A.caution
B.concern
C.certainty
D.detestation
正确答案:A
[解析] 用人单位非常小心地准备与工会的会议。
空格前的all due表强调,意为“所有应有的”。工会的基本职责是维护职工的合法权益,employers准备与工会的会议时,应该是“小心谨慎”的态度”,因此A项符合语境。B项concern表示“关注、关切”,“关切地准备会议”语义搭配不恰当。C项certainty“肯定”和D项detestation“憎恨,嫌恶”代入句中语义不通。
6. Our grateful thanks are ______ to the police department’s help in the making of this film.
A.due
B.owing
C.owning
D.owe
正确答案:A
[解析] 我们由衷感谢警方在制作这部影片的过程中所给予我们的帮助。
本题考查due to和owing to的区别。两者都表示原因,但due to前面一般加be动词,如His illness is due to bad food. “他生病是由于吃了不好的食物。”而owing to一般引导状语成分,如Owing to the rain, the match was can celled. “比赛因大雨取消了。”故正确答案为A项。
7. Could you drop me ______ near the post office?
A.off
B./
C.out
D.both A and B
正确答案:D
[解析] 你能把我送到邮局附近吗?
本题考查drop用法。在意为“顺路送某人到某处,放……下车”的时候,可表达为drop sb. 或drop sb. off,故A项和B项均正确,所以答案选择D项更为准确。C项drop out意为“停止,中断”,不符合右意,故排除。
8. He was lured into a crime he would not ______ have committed.
A.actually
B.accidentally
C.otherwise
D.seldom
正确答案:C
[解析] 他被引诱犯下了他本来不会去犯的罪行。
A.actually“ad. 实际上,事实上”,用于强调真实情况,与本题的虚拟语气不符。
B.accidentally“ad. 意外地,偶然地”,代入后句意不通。
C.otherwise“ad. 否则,要不然”,主句用的是一般过去时,陈述已经发生了的既定事实。从句使用虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设,otherwise相当于if not,符合此处语境,故选。
D.seldom“ad. 不常,难得,很少”为否定副词,相当于not very often,题干已有否定词not,无需再用否定词。
9. She ______ a few words on the paper.
A.scrawl
B.scrawling
C.scrawled
D.scrawny
正确答案:C
[解析] 她在纸上随便写了几句话。
画线部分在句中作谓语,事情已发生,动词应用过去式,故正确答案为C项scrawled(潦草地写)。
10. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ______, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.
A.justice
B.testimony
C.trial
D.verdict
正确答案:C
[解析] 当参与殴打金的警察起初被送交法庭审理时,其辩护律师用录像带作为反驳控方的证据。
A.bring sb. to justice“依法惩处某人,将某人绳之以法”,由于案件还在审理当中,因而排除。
B.testimony“n. (尤指法庭上证人作的)证词”,涉事警察不能为自己提供证词,故排除。
C.bring sb. to trial“将某人提交法庭审理”,为固定搭配,C项符合句意,为本题答案。
D.verdict“n. (法庭作出的)裁决”,辩方律师反驳控方,说明案件还在审理,故排除。
11. Boys are more ______ than girls.
A.impetus
B.impetuous
C.impatience
D.impetrate
正确答案:B
[解析] 男孩比女孩更鲁莽。
A.impetus“n. 动力,推动力” B.impetuous“a. 冲动的,鲁莽的”
C.impatience“n. 没有耐心” D.impetrate“v. 恳求,祈求”

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