Vocabulary and Grammar
Error Correction
1. Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.
A.Not many
B.Not enough
C.Without many
D.No many
正确答案:A
[解析] 本题考查much和many的用法。根据句意:知道苹果已种植了3000多年的人不是很多。people是可数名词复数,修饰可数名词复数应用many,而不能用much,much只能修饰不可数名词。not many意为“不是很多”。
2. The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird- watchers.
A.native
B.native with
C.native by
D.native to
正确答案:D
[解析] 本题考查习惯搭配。句意为:很多观鸟者认为东方知更鸟是原产于北美的最具吸引力的鸟类。native意为“本国的,原产的;生来具有的”,当表示某地特产、原产时,native后面一般加to+名词,即native to North America原产于北美。
3. All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.
A.the other
B.another
C.others
D.other one
正确答案:B
[解析] 本题考查代词的用法。句意为:所有生物都是一代一代地向下传递其遗传特征。other可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。the other指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用the other,不能用another,此时的other作代词。others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”,“其余的”。another=an+other,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。本句是指从一代向另一代传递。
4. Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.
A.its
B.fast
C.hard
D.them
正确答案:D
[解析] 本题考查代词应用。句意为:家具制造者用胶把接口连接起来,有时是为了加固接口。分析句子可知,所填之词应指代前面提到的joints,是名词复数。所以应用代词them来代替。
5. The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.
A.outside
B.appearance
C.outer
D.hiding
正确答案:C
[解析] 本题考查形容词的用法。句意为:牙齿坚硬的外层称为牙釉质。所以,此处徐填入表示“外面的”之意的词语。outside和outer均有“外部的”之意。outside一般指物体的外表或表面;而outer指相对于内部而言的外部或外表;appearance意为“外貌,外观”;hiding意为“隐匿”。
6. The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection.
A.hot
B.sunshine
C.warmth
D.safe
正确答案:C
[解析] 本题考查名词。句意为:人工照明的最早方式就是火,火可以提供温暖和保护。所以,此处应该填入一个名词和protection并列,作provided的宾语。故可排除A、D两项。由常识可知,火不可以提供“sunshine”,故排除B。
7. All mammals have hair, but not always evident.
A.but it is not
B.but it is
C.but they are not
D.but they are
正确答案:A
[解析] 本题考查结构应用。句意为:所有的哺乳动物都有毛发,但并不明显。but引导的句子主语应指代前面所提的整件事,而不是前句主语all mammals,因此主语应用代词it,故排除C、D两项;如选B项,前后的意思就没有转折之意,故不能用but连接。
8. A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University, W. E. B. Du Bois, promoted full racial equality.
A.economy
B.economics
C.economical
D.economic
正确答案:B
[解析] 本题考查名词。分析句子结构可知,此处应填入一个名词和history一起作介词of的并列宾语,表示“经济学和历史教授”。Economical意为“节约的,经济的”,economic意为“经济(上)的,经济学的”,均为形容词,故排除C、D两项;economy意为“经济,节约”,economics意为“经济学”,为名词。
9. Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes.
A.exclude
B.excluding
C.include
D.are included
正确答案:C
[解析] 本题考查结构应用。分析句子结构可知,that use hydraulic pressure为定语从句,修饰主语Machines。所填部分为此句的谓语,且不表被动。句意为:使用液压的机器包括电梯、牙医椅子和自动刹车。根据句意可知,谓语动词应表“包括”之意。
10. The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825.
A.was
B.is
C.it is
D.were
正确答案:A
[解析] 本题考查结构应用。分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语动词,主语是The first recorded use of natural gas, in the town of Frederick为介宾短语。根据时间状语in1825可知,动作发生在过去,所以应用一般过去时态。且主语为单数。
11. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they share a common interest in human relationship.
A.move
B.differ
C.change
D.varies
正确答案:B
[解析] 本题考查习惯搭配。句意为:尽管社会科学之间差异很大,但它们都对人际关系有着共同的兴趣。differ…from意为“与……不同”,符合句意;而vary from指“不规则地改变成断断续续地改变,强调变化的多样性”,有时也指事物在不同地点、时间、条件下的变化或差异。
12. Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground.
A.run
B.runner
C.runners
D.running race
正确答案:C
[解析] 本题考查名词应用。句意为:跟赛跑者不一样,竞走者必须始终保持脚的某一部分接触地面。在此相比较的是赛跑者与竞走者,故排除A、D两项;又因主语race walkers是复数,所以,此处也应该用复数。
13. A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.
A.time futures
B.futures
C.futures time
D.future time

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