泽熙美文Cloze Test
Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling. 1 of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless 2 on God’s earth. What we should 3 at producing is men who 4 both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start 5 , and their culture will lead them as 6 as philosophy and as high as 7 . We have to remember that the valuable 8 development is self-development, and that it 9 takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve.
In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must 10 of what I will call “inert ideas”—that is to say, ideas that are merely 11 into the mind without being 12 , or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations. In the history of education, the most 13 phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a 14 generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overladen with inert ideas. Except at 15 intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically 16 with inert ideas. That is the reason why 17 clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible 18 of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity 19 greatness has been a 20 protest against inert ideas.
1.
A.Chips
B.Scraps
C.Fractions
D.Plates
正确答案：B
[解析] “碎片”。scrap意为“碎片、零屑、小块”，常含有“废品、破烂”的意味，常用于短语“scraps of”中。根据原文：“have nothing to do with it”，可见这种零碎的信息是无用的、废弃的信息，所以选择“scrap of”。而A选项“chip指从木头、玻璃、石头等物质上削下或碰下来的碎片，体积很小”，C选项“碎片，小部分，一点儿；分数”，D选项“plate多指面积大的，薄而平的金属板或玻璃板，常作建筑材料，机器部件或保护物。”均不符合题意。
2.
A.bore
B.irony
C.snob
D.gut
正确答案：A
[解析] “讨厌的人，麻烦事”。根据原文，“bore”与上文提到的“humane仁爱的；人道的”形成对比。而B选项“反语；讽刺”，C选项“势利的人；谄上欺下的人；自命不凡者”，D选项“下消化道，肠；胃；消化道；狭水道，狭海峡，冲沟；狭道，隘路”均不符合题意。
3.
A.point
B.aim
C.clutch
D.snap
正确答案：B
[解析] “aim at doing目的在于；旨在”。本题考查词组搭配。根据原文第一句“Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling”形成一种呼应，进一步论证学习文化的目的。而A选项“point at/to指向，表明”，C选项“抓住，攫住，掌握”；clutch at“企图抓住”D选项“snap out of迅速从……中恢复过来；snap up抢购；抢先弄到手”均不符合题意。
4.
A.identify
B.occupy
C.possess
D.ensure
正确答案：C
[解析] “拥有；占有”。根据原文意思：“……人类在一些特殊的方面拥有文化和熟练的知识”，所以选择“possess”。而A选项“识别，鉴别；identify with把……和……看成一样，打成一片”，B选项“占，占用；占据，占领；使忙碌，使从事”，D选项“确保，保证”均不符合题意。
5.
A.with
B.from
C.into
D.beyond
正确答案：B
[解析] “from从……”。根据原文，“start from”与“ground”形成搭配，即：“他们熟练的知识提供给了他们一个开始的基点”，所以选择“from”。而A选项“with”，C选项“into”，D选项“beyond”均不符合原文意思。
6.
A.linear
B.deep
C.militant
D.odd
正确答案：B
[解析] “deep”。根据文章第一句中的“thought思想”和原文意思“他们的文化将引导他们(的思想)犹如哲学一样的深刻”，所以选择“deep”。而A选项“线的；直线的”，C选项“好战的；态度硬的”，D选项“奇怪的；古怪的”均不符合原文意思。
7.
A.zoom
B.art
C.rap
D.poll
正确答案：B
[解析] “艺术；美术”。根据文章一致性原则，“art”与文章第一句中的“beauty美丽；美的事物”形成呼应。而A选项“飞驰；(飞机)陡直上升；嗡嗡声”，C选项“轻敲”，D选项“民意测验；(pl．)政治选举，大选”均是本题的干扰，不符合题意。
8.
A.rational
B.physiological
C.divine
D.intellectual
正确答案：D
[解析] “智力的”。根据文章的一致性，“intellectual”与“thought思想”和“philosophy哲学”形成呼应。而A选项“理智的；合理的；有理性的”，B选项“生理(上)的”，C选项“神圣的；非凡的；神的”均不符合题意。
9.
A.mostly
B.randomly
C.seldom
D.regularly
正确答案：A
[解析] “大部分；主要地”。根据本句中的“between the age of sixteen and thirty”以及第三段的“in middle life so much the most…”，可见这种情况“大多数”发生在16岁到30岁之间。而D选项“at random随便地；任意地”，C选项“很少；不常”，D选项“定期地；有规则地”均不符合题意。
10.
A.beware
B.dispose
C.ensure
D.boast
正确答案：A
[解析] “beware of注意；当心；小心”。“beware of”与上文提到的“receptiveness接受”以及下文提出的“inert ideas惰性思想”形成一种搭配，表达的是一种心理状态。而B选项“dispose of处理，处置；dispose for布置，安排”，C选项“确保，保证”，D选项“boast of/about自夸，夸耀”均不符合题意。
11.
A.contained
B.received
C.squeezed
D.embedded
正确答案：B
