泽熙美文Cloze Test
Darwin—The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
The main conclusion arrived at in this work, namely, that man is descended from some lowly organised form, will, I regret to think, be highly distasteful to many. But there can hardly be a doubt that we are descended from barbarians. The astonishment which I felt on first seeing a party of Fuegians on a wild and broken shore will never be 1 by me, for the reflection at once rushed into my mind—such 2 our ancestors. These men were absolutely naked and 3 with paint, their long hair was tangled, their mouths 4 with excitement, and their expression was wild, startled, and 5 . They possessed hardly any arts, and like wild animals 6 on what they could catch; they had no government, and were 7 to every one not of their own small tribe. He who has seen a 8 in his native land will not feel much shame, if forced to 9 that the blood of some more humble creature flows in his 10 . For my own part I would as soon be descended from that heroic 11 monkey, who braved his dreaded enemy in order to save the life of 12 keeper, or from that old baboon, who descending from the mountains, 13 away in triumph his young comrade from a crowd of 14 dogs—as from a savage who delights to torture his 15 , offers up bloody sacrifices, practices infanticide without remorse, treats his wives like slaves, knows no decency, and is haunted by the grossest superstitions.
1.
正确答案：
forgotten
2.
正确答案：
were
3.
正确答案：
bedaubed
4.
正确答案：
frothed
5.
正确答案：
distrustful
6.
正确答案：
rived
7.
正确答案：
merciless
8.
正确答案：
savage
9.
正确答案：
akcnowledge
10.
正确答案：
veins
11.
正确答案：
little
12.
正确答案：
his
13.
正确答案：
carried
14.
正确答案：
astonished
15.
正确答案：
enemies
Bertrand Russell—The Analysis of Mind (Truth and Falsehood)
On the features which distinguish knowledge from accuracy of response in general, not much can be said from a behaviourist point of view without referring to purpose. But the necessity of SOMETHING besides accuracy of response may be brought out by the 16 consideration: Suppose two persons, of whom one believed 17 the other disbelieved, and disbelieved whatever the other 18 . So far as accuracy and sensitiveness of response alone are concerned, 19 would be nothing to choose between these two persons. A thermometer 20 went down for warm weather and up for cold might be just as 21 as the usual kind; and a person who always believes falsely is just as 22 an instrument as a person who always believes truly. The 23 and practical difference between them would be that the one 24 always believed falsely would quickly come to a bad end. This 25 once more that accuracy of response to stimulus does not alone 26 knowledge, but must be reinforced by appropriateness, i. e. suitability for 27 one’s purpose. This applies even in the apparently simple 28 of answering questions: if the purpose of the answers is to deceive, their 29 , not their truth, will be evidence of knowledge. The proportion of the 30 of appropriateness with accuracy in the definition of knowledge is difficult; it seems that both enter in, but that appropriateness is only required as regards the general type of response, not as regards each individual instance.
16.
正确答案：
following
17.
正确答案：
whatever
18.
正确答案：
believed
19.
正确答案：
there
20.
正确答案：
which
21.
正确答案：
accurate
22.
正确答案：
sensitive
23.
正确答案：
observable
24.
正确答案：
who
25.
正确答案：
illustrates
