泽熙美文Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar
Part 1 Correcting Grammatical Errors
Directions: In each of the following statements there is an underlined part that is indicated as an error. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected.
The Internet originated on American soil. In 1969, the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the US Defense Department established the world’s first testing packet-switched network (PSN) to connect four universities on US soil. The world saw a remarkable expansion of the scale and number of Internet users from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. In September 1989, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) was founded with a grant from the US Department of Commence to administer the Internet terminal server. Over the past 40 years, the US has been dominating the world Internet as the core technique holder with an inherent advantage of being the cradle of the Internet.
There are 13 terminal servers in the world to keep the Internet run 1 , with a master server and nine of the 12 second 2 servers stationed in the US. In terms of technique, the network of a country will disappear from the world Internet if its domain name registry is blocked or deleted from the terminal server. This kind of conduct is not legally binded 3 with the law of any country except ICANN. In April 2004, Libya was seen 4 on the Internet for three days after the collapse of the domain name registry of the country “LY” caused by a domain administration dispute.
Concerns about the US monopoly of the domain name server (DNS) system grew among other nations as much as their reliance on the Internet for issues ranging 5 politics and the economy to defense and the general society. Years ago, there was a proposal that the Internet is 6 administered by the United Nations or under international cooperation. The European Union insisted that the World Wide Web was 7 an international resource that should be jointly managed by all nations. Some developing countries pointed to 8 that at the early stage of Internet development, developed countries seized large amounts of domain names, leaving a limited few for them, and demanded a share with the US over Internet administration. American officials opposed to 9 the suggestion.
The US Defense Strategy Review in March 2005 stated that Internet space should have the same priority with 10 continental, marine, aerial and outer space jurisdictions for the US to maintain a decisive superiority. A statement from Washington on June 30, 2005, made it clear that the US government would maintain its control on 11 the DNS indefinitely; stating that a transfer of its management to UN or international cooperative models would impede the free flow of information, leading 12 to easy manipulation of the Internet and make global supervision more difficult.
At the same time, the US Congress passed a bill by a vote of 423 to zero urged 13 a manifesto by the White House that American control over Internet is inviolable. US Rep. John Taylor Doolittle, a Republican from California, said the United States invented the Internet and described 14 as a gift to the world based on American taxpayers’ money. He said he opposed any move to transfer the country’s control to the UN.
The control of the Internet plays a strategical 15 role for US. Using the internet, the US can intercept information via the net, export US values and opinions, support a ” Color Revolution”, feed the oppositing 16 powers and rebels against anti-US governments, interfere 17 other countries’ internal affairs and make proactive attacks on enemy’s communication and directing networks. James-Adams, a famous military forecaster, wrote 18 his book, The Next World War, these words: “The computer is the weapon for the future war and there is no virtual front line, while 19 the traditional battle and the byte will take the bullet’s role to grab control of the air.”
US President Barack Obama repeatly 20 stressed the importance of the Internet during his campaign. He asked the relevant departments to assess the security of the American network, and to prepare 21 the implementation of information hegemony to continue the work of controlling the new generation of Internet Root Servers. The assessment report released by the US government on May 29, 2009, said that cyberspace threats have become one of the most serious economic and military threats facing by 22 the United States. The report emphasized that the US must show the world they were seriously responding to the challenge. Against this background, Microsoft announced the closure of MSN services for Cuba, Iran, Syria, Sudan and the DPRK. But the world opinion considers 23 as information sanction instead of meeting a challenge.
1.
正确答案：
run→running
2.
正确答案：
second→secondary
3.
正确答案：
binded→binding
4.
正确答案：
seen→unseen
5.
正确答案：
ranging→ranging from
6.
正确答案：
is→be
7.
正确答案：
was→is
8.
正确答案：
to→out
9.
正确答案：
to→to去掉
10.
正确答案：
with→as
11.
正确答案：
on→over
12.
正确答案：
leading→lead
13.
正确答案：
urged→urging
14.
正确答案：
described→后面加it
15.
正确答案：
strategical→strategic
16.
正确答案：
oppositing→opposition
17.
正确答案：
interfere→后面加with
