泽熙美文Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation
Translate the following two passages into Chinese.
1. Perhaps you’ve temporarily misplaced your cellphone and anxiously retraced your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone — it’s always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood. According to this theory, our early life experiences, with parents responsible for our well being, are at the root of our attachment to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as “transitional objects.”The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence on parents to these toy animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of serf. As suggested by scientists, a cellphone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, nor real adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”.
Indeed, cellphones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cellphone users exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smart phone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. People also like to be near their phones. Many people report being distressed when they’re separated from their phones. Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side, and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you’re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages and follow them on social media. You can track them in real time, but also look back on memorable moments together. These channels help you “feel less alone”.
正确答案：
①你可能有过这样的经历：手机随手乱放找不到了，于是焦急地沿原路折返，试图将其寻回，②抑或你的手机从不离身，不是拿在手中，就是揣在兜里，要么就是放在包里，随时准备接电话或查阅信息。③一天下来，手机电量耗尽，你感觉自己的体能也消耗殆尽。④一项新研究表明，人们对手机极度依赖可用心理学来解释。依附理论认为，对于有些人来说，手机的作用和儿时形影不离的泰迪熊一样。⑤该理论指出：儿时我们的健康幸福都依赖父母，这是我们依恋与自己形成亲密关系的成年人的根本原因。⑥重要的是，童年的依附心理会向无生命的物体转移，⑦比如，转移到泰迪熊这种“过渡性物体”身上。⑧与父母不同的是，泰迪熊可以常伴我们左右，⑨由此我们便把对父母的依赖延伸到这些玩具身上，并通过它们帮助自己逐渐形成独立的自我意识。⑩科学家们称，手机可能会成为这种“依恋替代品”。尽管手机因为会让人上瘾而饱受诟病，科学家们还是援引了相关证据来支持这样一种观点：“身心健康的正常成年人也会对某些特殊物品表现出强烈的情感依恋”。
①事实上，手机在我们的生活中无处不在。如今，手机用户总数已经超过了世界人口总数。②美国人平均每天使用移动电话或智能手机的时间为3.3小时。③人们也喜欢将手机放在手边，④而很多手机持有者都表示手机不在身边时会感到忧虑不安。⑤手机的优点显而易见：⑥可以随身携带，还能用来与自己关心的人保持联系。⑦就算不与朋友、恋人、家人直接通话，也可以把亲朋好友的照片存在手机里带在身边，看他们发来的短信，关注他们的社交媒体账号。⑧除了随时关注他们的动态，还能通过手机去回忆与他们共同度过的难忘时光。⑨所有这些都会让你“不那么孤单”。
[解析] Para. 1 ① Perhaps you’ve temporarily misplaced your cellphone and anxiously retraced your steps to try to find it. ② Or perhaps you never let go of your phone —it’s always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. ③ When your battery life rums down at the end of the day,you feel that yours is running low as well. ④[难句1]New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood. ⑤ According to this theory, our early life experiences, with parents responsible for our well being, are at the root of our attachment to the adults with whom we form close relationships. ⑥ Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. ⑦ Teddy bears, for example, serve as “transitional objects.” ⑧ The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. ⑨ We extend our dependence on parents to these toy animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.⑩ As suggested by scientists, a cellphone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object. [难句]Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”.
难句理解
1. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence:
According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves
the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.
宾语从句 that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence
定语从句 teddy bear we clung to in childhood.
本句是一个复合句。冒号前的句子的主干是主谓宾结构，宾语由that引导的宾语从句充当，指出新研究发现的内容。冒号后的句子的主干也是主谓宾结构，是对该研究发现的内容的进一步论述。
2. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”.
让步状语从句 Although phones
are often castigated
for their addictive potential,
定语从句 evidence that supports the idea
同位语从句 that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”.
本句为复合句，开头为Although引导的让步状语从句，主句的主干为scientists cite evidence，而that引导的定语从句修饰evidence，说明该证据的作用。该定语从句中又包含一个同位语从句，补充说明idea的具体内容——身心健康的正常成年人也会有某种特定的恋物倾向。
采分点分析
采分点一：基本素质
④句attachment theory是一种旨在探讨“人际关系”的心理学、演化、动物行为学理论，译作“依附理论”。
采分点二：选词用词
1．②句in your hand，your pocket, or your bag中，in后面跟了三个不同的宾语，可以按照搭配添加不同的动词，分别译作“拿在手中”“揣在兜里”及“放在包里”。consulted的释义有“咨询…‘商议”及“查阅”，此处结合语境是在讨论手机的使用而非与人面对面的交谈，故选择第3个释义，并增加宾语，即“查阅信息”。at a mo merit’s notice相当于at short notice，意思是在很短的时间内，可译作“随时”。
2．③句runs down释义有“(地区)破旧的”及“筋疲力尽的”，此处捕述对象为battery life，算是一种拟人的手法，因此选择第2个释义，并稍作意译“电量耗尽”；后面yours对应前文的battery life，具体译作“体能”。
3．④句clung to的意思有“紧抓不放”“坚持”等，此处宾语为泰迪熊，故选择第1个释义，为凸显情感，可稍作意译，译作“形影不离”。
采分点三：理解结构
1．①句you’ve用的是现在完成时，说明是一种已发生的状况，而根据语境可知此处是一种假设，因此，可增译“你可能有过这样的经历”；另外，原文虽只提到misplaced，但后文既然提到retraced，说明misplaced的结果是“手机找不到了”，因此，可适当增译为“手机随手乱放找不到了”。
2．⑥⑦句语意紧密且句子都较短，可合译。
Para. 2 ① Indeed, cellphones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cellphone users exceeds the total population of the planet. ② The average amount of mobile or smart phone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. ③ People also like to be near their phones. ④ Many people report being distressed when they’re separated from their phones. ⑤ Phones have distinct advantages. ⑥ They can be kept by your side, and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. ⑦ [难句]Even if you’re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages and follow them on social media. ⑧ You can track them in real time, but also look back on memorable moments together. ⑨ These channels help you “feel less alone”.
难句理解
Even if you’re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by,
read their messages and follow them on social media.
让步状语从句 Ever if you ‘re not talking to your friends, lover, or family
本句是复合句，主句的主干包含三个并列谓宾结构，分别是Keep their photos close by、read their messages和follow them on social media。其中keep… close by指“将……带在身边”，follow与social media搭产
