泽熙美文Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation
Compulsory Translation
1. If a heavy reliance on fossil fuels makes a country a climate ogre, then Denmark—with its thousands of wind turbines sprinkled on the coastlines and at sea—is living a happy fairy tale.
Viewed from the United States or Asia, Denmark is an environmental role model. The country is “what a global warming solution looks like,” wrote Frances Beinecke, the president of the Natural Resources Defense Council, in a letter to the group last autumn. About one-fifth of the country’s electricity comes from wind, which wind experts say is the highest proportion of any country.
But a closer look shows that Denmark is a far cry from a clean-energy paradise.
The building of wind turbines has virtually ground to a halt since subsidies were cut back. Meanwhile, compared with others in the European Union, Danes remain above-average emitters of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. For all its wind turbines, a large proportion of the rest of Denmark’s power is generated by plants that burn imported coal.
The Danish experience shows how difficult it can be for countries grown rich on fossil fuels to switch to renewable energy sources like wind power. Among the hurdles are fluctuating political priorities, the high cost of putting new turbines offshore, concern about public acceptance of large wind turbines and the volatility of the wind itself.
“Europe has really led the way,” said Alex Klein, a senior analyst with Emerging Energy Research, a consulting firm with offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Some parts of western Denmark derive 100 percent of their peak needs from wind if the breeze is up. Germany and Spain generate more power in absolute terms, but in those countries wind still accounts for a far smaller proportion of the electricity generated. The average for all 27 European Union countries is 3 percent.
But the Germans and the Spanish are catching up as Denmark slows down. Of the thousands of megawatts of wind power added last year around the world, only 8 megawatts were installed in Denmark.
If higher subsidies had been maintained, he said, Denmark could now be generating close to one-third—rather than one-fifth—of its electricity from windmills.
正确答案：
如果一个国家因严重依赖化石燃料而成为导致气候变化的恶魔的话，那么丹麦这个拥有数千个沿海和海上风力发电机组的国家算得上是生活在童话里的幸福国度了。
在美国和亚洲各国看来，丹麦是环保领域的典范。自然资源保护委员会主席弗朗西斯·贝尼克去年秋天致该委员会的信中说，丹麦“是应对全球变暖的样板”。丹麦风力发电量占全国发电总量的1/5左右，风能专家称这一比例列世界之首。
不过，如果再仔细分析一下就会发现，丹麦也远非利用清洁能源的“天堂”。
自丹麦削减风力发电补贴以来，风力发电机组建设实际上已经陷入停滞状态。同时，与欧盟其他成员国相比，丹麦的二氧化碳排放量要高于欧盟平均水平。尽管丹麦安装了众多风力发电机组，但是丹麦很大程度上仍然依靠火电站发电，而且电煤也需要进口。
一个国家依靠化石燃料发展起来后，再想转型依靠风能等可再生能源绝非易事，丹麦即是一例。风力发电遇到诸多阻碍，包括政府的政策重点不断调整，海上修建新风力发电厂成本较高，公众能否接受大型风力发电机组建设存疑，风力自身也具有不稳定性。
咨询公司美国新能源研究中心在马萨诸塞州剑桥设有多个办事处，该公司的高级分析师阿历克斯·克莱恩说：“(在清洁能源发展方面)欧洲确实引领世界。”
如果风力理想的话，丹麦西部一些地区用电高峰期的所有电力供应都来自风力发电。就风力绝对发电量而言，德国和西班牙都超过了丹麦，但是风力发电在这两国发电总量中所占的比重要比丹麦小得多。欧盟27国中风力发电所占比重平均为3%。
不过，由于丹麦现在放慢了风力发电的发展步伐，德、西两国现正迎头赶上。去年全球共新增风力发电装机容量数千兆瓦，丹麦仅为8兆瓦。
克莱恩说，如果丹麦当初没有削减补贴的话，风力发电所占比重应该早就从现在的1/5上升到近1/3了。
Section Ⅱ Chinese-English Translation
1. 2000多年来，佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教等先后传入中国，中国音乐、绘画、文学等也不断吸纳外来文明的优长。中国传统画法同西方油画融合创新，形成了独具魅力的中国写意油画，徐悲鸿等大师的作品受到广泛赞赏。中国的造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针四大发明带动了世界变革，推动了欧洲文艺复兴。中国哲学、文学、医药、丝绸、瓷器、茶叶等传入西方，渗入西方民众日常生活之中。《马可·波罗游记》令无数人对中国心向往之。当今世界，人类生活在不同文化、种族、肤色、宗教和不同社会制度所组成的世界里，各国人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体。世界上有200多个国家和地区，2500多个民族和多种宗教。如果只有一种生活方式，只有一种语言，只有一种音乐，只有一种服饰，那是不可想象的。
正确答案：
In the course of some two thousand years and more, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity have been introduced into China successively, which allowed the country’s music, painting and literature to benefit from the advantages of other civilizations. China’s freehand oil painting is an innovative combination of China’s traditional painting and the Western oil painting, and the works of Xu Beihong and other masters have been widely acclaimed. China’s Four Great Inventions, namely, papermaking, gunpowder, movable-type printing and compass, led to changes in the world, including the European Renaissance. China’s philosophy, literature, medicine, silk, porcelain and tea reached the West and became part of people’s daily life. The Travels of Marco Polo generated a widespread interest in China. Today, we live in a world with different cultures, ethnic groups, skin colors, religions and social systems, and the people of various countries have become members of an intimate community of shared destiny. There are 200-odd countries and regions, over 2,500 ethnic groups and a multitude of religions in the world today. We can hardly imagine if this world has only one lifestyle, one language, one kind of music and one style of costume.
翻译二级笔译实务模拟28
Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation
Compulsory Translation
1. This week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water—and to chart a new course.
They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.
Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of groundwaters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.
What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking—especially in some of the poorest countries.
Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.
Across the world, water-based ecological systems—rivers, lakes and watersheds—have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainability by policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over-exploitation.
We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there’s no tomorrow—and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz-phrase at the Mexico Water forum is “integrated water resource management.” What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.
正确答案：
本周，世界水论坛在墨西哥城开幕，论坛将一直持续到下周。来自政府、国际机构和非政府组织的代表们齐聚一堂，探讨全球用水遗留问题，共商未来用水大计。
会议选址墨西哥城再合适不过。墨西哥城地下蓄水层的开采速度是地下水补给速度的2倍，由此造成墨西哥城以10年50厘米的速度不断下沉，现在，这里的许多教堂出现裂隙，艺术宫日益倾斜，水管和排污管道开裂。
世界上每个地区都面临水危机，只不过表现形式不同而已。在过去30年间，印度和巴基斯坦的部分地区大肆开采地下水用于农业灌溉，致使水位下降了30米，开采成本随之升高，给当地贫苦农民的生计带来严重影响。
全球水危机的成因是什么?部分原因是实际可用水资源短缺。水不同于石油或煤炭，是一种无限可再生资源，但是可用水资源却十分有限。目前，用水增加速度是人口增速的2倍，人均可用水资源在不断减少，一些最不发达国家尤其如此。
一些国家的实际可用水资源确实存在严重短缺的问题，不过水危机的发生还有其深层次的原因。20世纪的水资源管理模式存在问题：人们想当然地认为，水资源取之不竭，用之不尽，是一种免费资源，人们用水毫无节制，随意修建水
