泽熙美文Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation
1. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly until the disability be removed or a President shall be elected.
正确答案：
如果总统免职、死亡、辞职或无能履行总统的权力与职责，应由副总统代理行使总统的权力与职责。国会可依法对总统和副总统的免职、死亡、辞职或无法履行的情况作出具体规定(提供法律依据)，并宣布届时由哪个官员来代理行使总统的权力与职责，在上述无能履行情况结束前或新总统选举产生前，该官员应相应地代理行使权力与职责。
[解析] 1．此句从总体来看是一句并列句，在各分句中有主从句及从句中的并列句。按照长句“切割法”的翻译方法，按各分句从句的逻辑关系逐一译出，并不难译。
2．原句In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death，resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President，为本句的第一部分。句中“in case of”与“in case that”为法律英语常用的词组，意为“如果”，“in case of”用于短语，“in case that”用于从句。例如：“In case that the Supplier fails to deal with such claim or conduct such proceedings, the Owner may do so at the cost and risk of the Supplier in accordance with the abovementioned terms and provisions of indemnity.”(如供应人不能处理索赔或诉讼，业主可以自行处理，根据上述赔偿的规定应由供应人承担费用和风险。)。句中the same在法律英语中常常用作代词，是指上面提及的事，避免重复，这里是指：the powers and duties of the said office，在英译中时，为使法律条文所表达的意思明确无误，应把the same所代的含义译出，即：“总统的权力与职责”。句中devolve on是动词，意为(of work, duties)be transferred or passed to sb.，为译入文行文的需要，在英译中时，可以进行词义转换，把原语的动词转译成译入语的名词。此句可译成：“如果总统免职、死亡、辞职或无能履行总统的权力与职责，应由副总统代理行使总统的权力与职责。”
3．原句中and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly until the disability be removed or a President shall be elected.为句子的第二部分。该部分包含两层意思，第一层：the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President,句中provide for为关键词，意为establish the legal basis or authority for sth. to be done later，即“作出具体规定，提供法律依据”之意。这一层中还有一个分词短语，并列来修饰主语the Congress。第二层：and such officer shall act accordingly until the disability be removed or a President shall be elected.为复合句。句中the disability一词在英译中时，应将其深层含义译出，该词是指“上述提及的免职、死亡、辞职或无能履行情况”。句中a President一词，根据上下文，应译成“新总统”。因此，句子的第二部分可译成：“国会可依法对总统和副总统的免职、死亡、辞职或无法履行的情况作出具体规定(提供法律依据)，并宣布届时由哪个官员来代理行使总统的权力与职责，在上述无能履行情况结束前或新总统选举产生前，该官员应相应地代理行使权力与职责。”
2. Para. 1 ①In 1975, photographer Michel Comte stood up before scientists, business leaders and politicians at the Club of Rome to deliver a speech about the climate disaster he believed was on the horizon. ②Back then, he was still a student, and a little nervous—but he could sense the future. ③Now, Comte’s recent works incorporating black carbon fallout from the jet stream, shown in Rome and Milan, prove just how right he was to speak out.
Para. 2 ①Comte’s message was echoed last week in the UK, when thousands of schoolchildren—inspired by 16-year-old climate activist Greta Thunberg—took to the streets to pressure the government into taking action on climate change. ②Like Comte, they have seen a bleak future ahead and are speaking out.
Para. 3 ①Sadly, that hasn’t been the case for most artistic and cultural institutions, which have spent the last few decades responding to climate change with little more than silence. ②They have been dangerously complicit in desensitizing society to what’s really at stake.
Para. 4 ①But there is hope in the air. ②Tate Modem have an Olafur Eliasson retrospective scheduled for this summer—his Ice Watch project was recently invited to melt away outside the museum. ③As for Comte, he is about to board a sailing boat for a challenging passage to the Arctic, creating a monumental multimedia art installation calling for us to change our ways before it’s too late. ④If we allow more artists such as these to become part of the conversation, we will have a culture fit for the generation of children who took to our streets.
Para. 5 ①When artist Yi Dai opened her first solo show in Berlin, she received rapturous reviews praising her subtle and intelligent coverage of environmental topics. ②Misfits, Offcuts and Castaways, was an urgent statement reflecting on the aftereffects of nuclear fallout and rising sea temperatures, and the fragility of our ecosystem. ③Her exhibition was as much a personal account of her experience on the Marshall Islands as it was a call to action following the then-warmest winter in recorded history.
Para. 6 ①Tales of Change brings together stories of how climate change is impacting communities in some of the planet’s most iconic mountain ranges. ②Its protagonist, Florian Reber, cycled across the Alps, starting in Trieste on the Adriatic coast and arriving in Cannes, at the Mediterranean Sea. ③Along the way, he talked with farmers, foresters, conservationists, tourism experts, alpinists and professional athletes, psychologists, writers and journalists about climate change. ④Periods of tumultuous weather extremes are the consistent findings, including a pronounced drought that left many rivers and sources in the southern Dolomites dried out. ⑤This was followed by the strongest storms in recent years, causing record temperatures in October. ⑥Next came torrential rain and strong winds brought about b cyclone Vaia, uprooting thousands of trees and causing casualties. ⑦While this trip involved cycling 1,180 miles, climbing more than 35,000 vertical metres and mastering two dozen mountain passes in winter, the intrepid explorer is now getting ready to widen his reach towards the Rocky Mountains and Himalayas. ⑧The project has been on display in Switzerland and Italy but, like Reber, is constantly moving.
正确答案：
第一段 ①1975年，摄影师米歇尔·孔德(Michel Comte)在罗马俱乐部(Club of Rome)发表演讲。他站在科学家、商界领袖和政界人士面前，提出气候灾难即将到来的观点。②那时，他还是个学生，有些紧张，但他能感知未来。③最近，孔德利用喷射气流产生的黑碳沉降物创作的作品在罗马和米兰展出，证明了他当时的直言不讳是多么的正确。
第二段 ①上周，孔德的观点在英国得到支持。当时，数千名学生在一位16岁的气候变化活动人士格蕾塔·通贝里(Greta Thunberg)的启发下走上街头，向政府施压，要求其采取行动应对气候变化。②与孔德一样，他们也看到未来黯淡的前景，并大声疾呼。
第三段 ①然而，在过去几十年里，大部分艺术和文化机构应对气候变化问题的态度消极。②它们串通一气，蒙蔽大众，让其忽视真正严重的问题。
第四段 ①但希望依然存在。②泰特现代美术馆(Tate Modern)今年夏天将举办一场奥拉维尔·埃利亚松(Olafur Eliasson)回顾展——最近，埃利亚松受邀将其冰块放置博物馆外融化。③至于孔德，他将登上一艘开往北极的帆船，开始一段富有挑战性的旅程，并在那里创作一件巨大的多媒体艺术装置，呼吁大家在为时已晚之前改变我们的生活方式。④如果我们让更多这样的艺术家参与到环境保护的对话中来，我们将为走上街头抗议的这一代人营造更为良好的文化环境。
第五段 ①艺术家戴祎(Yi Dai)在柏林举办的首场个展得到交口称赞，观众认为她精妙而睿智地揭露了环境问题。②“残圭断璧”(Misfits，Offcuts and Castaways)是一份反映核辐射和海洋温度上升的后果，以及生态系统脆弱性的紧急声明。③她的展览既是对她在马绍尔群岛(Marshall Islands)经历的描述，也是对经历了历史上最温暖的冬天后采取行动的呼吁。
第六段 ①“气候变化的故事”(Tales of Change)汇集了气候变化如何影响地球上一些最具标志性山脉的当地故事。②活动发起者弗洛里安·雷伯(Florian Reber)骑自行车从亚得里亚海沿岸的里雅斯特出发，穿越阿尔卑斯山，抵达地中海的戛纳。③一路上，他与农民、护林员、自然资源保护者、旅游专家、阿尔卑斯登山运动员、职业运动员、心理学家、作家和记者交流气候变化的问题，④他发现这些地区不断遭遇极端天气。首先是显著干旱导致白云石山脉南部许多河流和水源干涸。⑤紧随其后的是近年来最强劲的佛恩()风暴，导致10月份的气温创历史记录。⑥再接下来是瓦亚(Vaia)飓风带来的暴雨和强风，导致数千棵树木被连根拔起，造成人员伤亡。⑦这趟旅程全长1,180英里，需要攀登3.5万多米的垂直高度，并在冬季穿越24条山路。这位勇敢的探险家现在正准备扩大他的探险范围，前往落基山脉和喜马拉雅山。⑧该项目已经在瑞士和意大利展出。就像雷伯不断探索一样，它也将在不同地方出展。
[解析] 1．第1段①句末on the horizon为固定搭配，意思是likely to happen soon“即将发生”，故此处应译作“即将”。
2．第4段①句in the air为固定搭配，意思是felt by a number of people to exist or to be happening“被许多人感觉到存在或正在发生”。结合本文语境，此处可译作“存在”。
3．第5段①句coverage为多义词，有“覆盖”“新闻报道”等多个义项。根据本文语境，该段提及戴神通过艺术方式向观众展示了环境问题，即应
