泽熙美文Cloze Test
The role of government in environmental management is difficult but inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often, 1 governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subside the exploitation and 2 of natural resources. A whole 3 of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do environmental damage and (often) 4 no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold 5 : a cleaner environment and more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to 6 the vested interest that subsidies create.
No activity affects more of the earth’s surface than farming. It shapes a third of the planet’s land area, not 7 Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in 8 from land already in 9 , but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a 10 in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the 1970s and 1980s.
All these activities may have 11 environmental impact. For example, land clearing for agricultures is the largest single 12 of deforestation; chemical fertilizers and pesticides may 13 water suppliers: more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods 14 exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and the use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the 15 of old varieties of food plants which 16 some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, 17 the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate 18 to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently 19 a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is 20 much faster than in America.
1.
A.however
B.therefore
C.but
D.hence
正确答案：A
[解析] however可是，仍然。从even more harmful可看出此处用表示转折语气的词。
2.
A.conjunction
B.compensation
C.consumption
D.constitution
正确答案：C
[解析] conjunction结合，联合。compensation补偿(金)；报酬。consumption消费，消耗，灭绝。constitution成分，法规。
3.
A.area
B.range
C.scope
D.field
正确答案：B
[解析] area面积，区域。range范围，射程。scope眼界，视界。field领域，牧场。
4.
A.take
B.hold
C.lose
D.make
正确答案：D
[解析] make sense有意义，讲得通。
5.
A.profit
B.bonus
C.benefit
D.prize
正确答案：B
[解析] profit盈余，利润，益处。bonus额外的好处，奖金，红利。benefit利益，恩泽。prize争夺物，奖赏。
6.
A.confront
B.confine
C.conform
D.confuse
正确答案：A
[解析] confront面对；在……的正对面；勇敢正视。confine限制，监禁。conform使遵照，使顺从。confuse弄错，使糊涂。
7.
A.thinking
B.considering
C.thirsting
D.counting
正确答案：D
[解析] think构思，认为。consider斟酌，照顾。thirst渴望，干旱。count计算在内，计算。
8.
A.outputs
B.supplies
C.yields
D.outcomes
正确答案：C
[解析] output产量，排泄物。supply填补，补给。yield产量，收益，产生(作物、报酬、利益等)。outcome出路，成果。
9.
A.revolution
B.civilization
C.reservation
D.cultivation
正确答案：D
[解析] revolution周期，革命。civilization教育，文明。reservation限制，预定。cultivation耕作，教养。
10.
A.doubling
B.reducing
C.dismissing
D.repeating
正确答案：A
[解析] doubling加倍，重叠。reducing减少，化简。dismiss放弃，解职。repeat复制，重复。
11.
A.destroying
B.damaging
C.injuring
D.mining
正确答案：B
[解析] destroy毁坏，破坏；摧残。damaging有破坏性的，损害的。injure损害，伤害(感情、自尊心等)。ruin毁灭，灭亡；瓦解，崩溃。
12.
A.excuse
B.justification
C.cause
D.ground
正确答案：C
[解析] excuse解释，借口。justification辩护，无咎。cause原因，动机。ground运动场，地面。
13.
A.purify
B.simplify
C.dirty
D.contaminate
正确答案：D
[解析] purify提炼，净化。simplify使单纯，简单化。dirty玷污，弄脏。
