泽熙美文Vocabulary and Grammar
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
Directions: Complete each of the following sentences by selecting the one word from the four choices marked by letters A, B, C and D that can best complete the statement.
1. It is known to all linguists that intonation and tone of voice are clearly not reproducible in existing ______ systems, but part of the skill of a novelist or a reporter is to convey these features of speech in his descriptions.
A.orthographic
B.autobiographic
C.autoptic
D.autonomic
正确答案：A
[解析] 该句讲的是言语的声调和拼写，而空后的system是在讲拼写系统，所以答案无疑是A。
2. Additionally, grammatical and ______ choices are available to the writer, as reading the examples above will show, and everyone knows the special artistry and techniques involved in composing written memorandums or letters if hey are to achieve precisely the purpose for which they are intended.
A.flexible
B.lexical
C.conversable
D.logical
正确答案：B
[解析] 此句在讲意义表达的语法和词汇选择，而四个选择只有B项适合该句的语境。
3. Sometimes style, especially in literature, is contrasted with “plain, everyday language.” In using such plain, unmarked types of speaking or writing, however, one is no less choosing a particular style, even though it is the most commonly used one and the most neutral in that it conveys and ______ the least emotional involvement or personal feelings.
A.afforests
B.afflicts
C.aligns
D.arouses
正确答案：D
[解析] 根据该句语境和空后的宾语the least emotional involvement or personal feelings，其动词应为表示“引起”之意的arouses。其它三个词分别意指“造林”、“折磨”和“整齐排列”。
4. Stylistic differences are available to all mature native speakers and in literate communities to all writers, as well as to foreigners who know a second language realty well. But there is undoubtedly a considerable range of skills in ______ all the resources of a language.
A.exploiting
B.surviving
C.exploration
D.search
正确答案：A
[解析] 首先，从该句空前a considerable range of skills in和空后的宾语all the resources of a language，从语法角度判断应为动词的现在分词，而C和D与该句的语境格格不入；第二，该句的语境在讲“语言的运用”，所以只有A项的动词exploiting为正确选择。
5. Once it is realized that oral literature is just as much literature as the more familiar written literature, it can be understood that there is no language ______ of its own literature.
A.delineate
B.defunct
C.devoid
D.deficient
正确答案：C
[解析] delineate是动词，意指“勾画轮廓”；defunct是前置形容词，与空后的介词of搭不上；只有devoid和deficient是形容词且都跟介词in，但deficient意指“有缺陷的”，所以只有C(不缺少)才是正确选择。
6. Literature is essentially regarded as of permanent worth. Printing and, in earlier days, the copying of ______ are the means of preserving written literature.
A.matrimony
B.maturation
C.manuscripts
D.manifestoes
正确答案：C
[解析] 此句在讲书面语言手稿的保存，而A项意指“婚姻关系”，B项意指“成熟”，D项意指“宣言”，所以只有C项(手稿)才符合该句的语境。
7. Modern technology in the guise of the tape recorder has come to the rescue, and many workers in the field of unwritten languages are recording specimens of oral literatures with transcriptions and translations while speakers having the requisite knowledge and skills are still available a great amount of such material, however, must have been ______ lost from illiterate cultures before the 20th century.
A.irretrievably
B.irrelievavably
C.irrefutably
D.irreconcilably
正确答案：A
[解析] A项的irretrievably意指“不能恢复的”，B项的irrelievavably意为“不能减轻的”，C项的irrefutably指“无可辩驳的”，D项的irreconcilably指“不能和解的”。根据空后lost一词来判断，A项无疑是唯一的选择。
8. Following the publication of Hereditary Genius, Galton wrote other major works including English Men of Science, Natural Inheritance, and inquires into Human ______.
A.facet
B.facilitation
C.facilities
D.Facilty
正确答案：D
[解析] 从空前的书名Natural Inheritance可以看出，高尔顿研究的是人类的遗传和天赋，所以只有D项才为正确选择。
9. Certainly Galton takes his place in history as a hereditarian. He did not overlook ______ completely. To gain understanding of the possible differential effects of heredity and environment, Galton performed psychology’s first research studies on twins.
A.environment
B.enlightenment
C.enlargement
D.enchantment
正确答案：A
[解析] 此句空前讲“尽管高尔顿是个遗传学家”，之后讲“也不完全忽视”，所以“不忽视”的应该是A项的“环境”。
10. In 1909, just two years before his death, Galton was knighted. Galtons’s place in the history of psychology is ensured. More than any other person, he set psychology on the road to quantifying its data, and, of course, the whole testing movement in educational psychology ______ Galton’s early work.
A.plays an important role in
B.is largely dependent on
C.owes a major debt to
D.is to be credited with
正确答案：C
[解析] 该句空前在讲“教育心理学的测试运动”，后半部分讲“高尔顿的早期工作”，所以C项的“主要归功于”是唯一的选择。
11. Feelings of infinite ______ seized him as he recalled the days when he met with misfortune.
A.melancholy
B.memorial
C.megaphone
D.memory
正确答案：A
12. The newly elected president of the country has made up his mind to ______ the established policy of developing agriculture.
A.go on
B.go after
C.go for
D.go by
正确答案：D
