泽熙美文Cloze Test
Directions: In the following passage, there are 58 blanks representing the words that are missing from the contexts. You are to read the passage through before providing the missing word of each blank without looking at the Answer. Then, compare your Answers with the Answers provided and learn from the possible differences.
Our Perception
Most of us assume that our eyes send an accurate copy of the external world along nerve pathways to the brain, where it is projected on a kind of screen. Yet there is a good deal of evidence that our impressions are not simply mental photographs of what is going on “out there.” Rather, our perceptions are filtered through the lens of our previous experiences, attitudes and beliefs. This is true of even the simplest kinds of perception. For example, when a car appears on the 1 your eyes send an image of a miniature automobile to your 2 , an image that grows larger as the car approaches. What you 3 , however, is a normal-sized car, because you know that cars do not 4 and contract. If the car is yours and you know it’s 5 , you will perceive it as blue whether it’s in bright sunlight, dark shadow, or under a yellow 6 .
In much the same way, we adjust our social perceptions to 7 what we know—or think we know. An old 8 illustrates this. A man and his son are in an accident. The 9 is killed; the boy is rushed to the hospital for emergency 10 . The surgeon comes into the operating room, looks at the boy, and 11 , “I can’t operate. That’s my son.” Who is the surgeon? The boy’s mother. Many people are 12 by this riddle because they expect a doctor (especially a surgeon) to be a 13 .
All of us have this tendency to interpret communications in the 14 of our own ideas and beliefs. Sometimes, different people may 15 different messages in the same communication. Take the TV 16 All in the Family. Students viewers who had been identified 17 highly prejudiced saw the main character, a bigoted white man 18 Archie Bunker, as a likeable grouch who won most of his 19 with members of his family. Students who were low in prejudice thought 20 Archie lost these arguments and that the whole point of the show was to ridicule his prejudices.
In short, our perceptions of the social world are anything but accurate copies of what is going on outside. We pick and choose, according to our expectations, and we fit what we see into a mental image of reality which we have already formed. In large part, what we “see” is determined by where we stand in the social system. Ask a fourth-grader, a teacher, a principal, a janitor, and a parent to describe the same school, and you will get five different pictures. Each has different information, and each looks at the same “facts” in a different way. Ask a man and wife to describe their marriage, and you might not know they were talking about the same family. “His” marriage and “her” marriage may be quite different. What is common sense to a man may be nonsense to a woman!
1.
正确答案：
horizon
[解析] 空后的your eyes send an image和空前的介词on暗示该空丢掉的是horizon。
2.
正确答案：
brain
[解析] 人的眼睛看到一个image时，这个image所转送的无疑是大脑，即brian。
3.
正确答案：
perceive
[解析] 本文讲的就是perception，其动词perceive也就自然符合该句的语境了。
4.
正确答案：
expand
[解析] 该空之后的contract暗示该空丢掉的是动词expand。请注意：很多的时侯两个并列形容词或动词，或是“相互依托”，或是“循序渐进”。诸如clean and tidy，go and have a look就是最简单的例子。
5.
正确答案：
blue
[解析] 其后的you will percieve it as blue分明标示该空应为blue。
6.
正确答案：
streetlight
[解析] 该段讲的是人对自己车颜色的辨认，所以其辨认的场地是马路和街道。在under一词的暗示下，填写streetlight也就顺理成章了。
7.
正确答案：
fit
[解析] 空前的we adjust our perceptions to的目的无疑是to fit what we know…所以动词fit是唯一的选择。
8.
正确答案：
riddle
[解析] 空前的an old和空后的illustrates this已暗示该空应为riddle。如果将saying填入此空，尽管语法上是正确的，但语意不通。这一点值得体味。
9.
正确答案：
father
[解析] 从上下文来看，被killed的无疑是father。
10.
正确答案：
surgery
[解析] 空前的to the hospital for emergency暗示此空漏掉的是surgery，只要读者从上句以“无障碍意识”读下去，这个漏掉的词就能被读出来。这一点值得引起注意。
11.
正确答案：
exclaims
[解析] 该空之后的“I can’t operate…”是将该空填写exclaims的重要参照。
12.
正确答案：
stumped
[解析] 空后的by this riddle首先暗示该空漏掉的是一个动词的过去分词，而从全句语境来看，这个词应该是stumped，意即“使难住”、“使受挫”。填写此空有一定的难度。
13.
正确答案：
man
[解析] 将man填入此空的难度一般不很大，如果原文空前再加上good一词，此空所漏掉的词就一目了然了。
14.
正确答案：
light
[解析] 填写此空的关键是对全句的理解，特别是空前to interpret一词的参照，看出其后是in the light of的搭配也就轻而易举了。
15.
正确答案：
perceive
[解析] 如不细看，将诸如interpret，understand，know等词填入此空也很正常，而能将perceive填入就需要一些语感了。
16.
正确答案：
series
[解析] 填此空的重要参照是空后的节目名称，即All in the Family，这样，确定出跟随TV之后的series也就顺理成章了。
17.
