泽熙美文材料题
根据以下材料，回答88-92题
Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students
taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?
First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.
Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of?. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.
There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64% of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75% of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92% of the students felt better about themselves” . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
88 [单选题] This article is mainly about 查看材料
A.the lives of school children
B. the cause of arguments in schools
C. how to analyze youth violence
D. how to deal with school conflicts
正确答案：D
参考解析：主旨题。第一段引出校园冲突；第二、三、四、五段具体讲述了避免校园冲突升级为暴力的方法；最后呼吁学校教授相关课程：A项“学生的生活”，B项“校园争论的原因”，c项“如何分析青少年暴力”，D项“如何处理校园冲突”：A、B、C三项均与本文主旨不符，故本题选D。
89 [单选题] From Paragraph 2 we can learn that 查看材料
A.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime
B. a small conflict can lead to violence
C. students tend to lose their temper easily
D. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight
正确答案：B
参考解析：细节题。根据第二段中的“A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult”及本段所举例子可知，小的冲突可能导致暴力事件。A项“暴力更可能发生在午餐时间”，B项“小的冲突可能导致暴力事件”，C项“学生更容易发脾气”，D项“学生的饮食习惯通常是打架的原因”。故本题选B。
90 [单选题] Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5? 查看材料
A.To find out who is to blame.
B. To get ready to try new things.
C. To make clear what the real issue is.
D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.
正确答案：C
参考解析：细节题。第五段主要讲述当学生发生冲突时，要仔细思考一些问题以解决矛盾。根据第五段中的“This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’S wrong with the other person．It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish”可知，让学生思考这些问题“How did this start?What do I really want?What am I afraid of’，是为了弄清楚问题所在。故本题选C。
91 [单选题] After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that 查看材料
A.there was a decrease in classroom violence
B. there was less student cooperation in the classroom
C. more teachers felt better about themselves in schools
D. the teacher-student relationship greatly improved
正确答案：A
参考解析：细节题。根据最后一段中的“64％of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom；75％of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation；and 92％of the students felt better about themselves”可知，学生在教室发生肢体冲突的概率下降了，学生之间的合作增加了，故A项正确，B项错误。原文是讲学生的自我感觉良好，而非老师，故排除C。文章没有涉及D。故本题选A。
92 [单选题] The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to 查看材料
A.complain about problems in school education
B. teach students different strategies for school life
C. advocate teaching conflict management in schools
D. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence
正确答案：C
参考解析：细节题。文章主要讲述避免校园冲突升级为暴力的方法，并在最后一段呼吁学校应该教学生们如何处理冲突，所以作者的目的应该是呼吁学校开展相关课程。A项“抱怨学校教育存在的问题”，B项“教学生不同的学校生活策略”，c项“提倡学校教授冲突管理(课程)”，D项“告知教师有关学校暴力的最新研究”。故本题选C。
材料题
根据以下材料，回答93-97题
Shay asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.
Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “We’re losing by six runs and the game is in the eighth inning. I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.
Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted.
In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three.In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the fiel
D． Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the
