Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar
This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. Large herds of grazing mammals are most likely to be found in a ______.
A.grassland
B.terrace
C.desert
D.forest
正确答案:A
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句的句子结构为主动补(SVC):主语为large herds of grazing mammals,are为系动词,most likely to be found…为主语补语(即表语)。
(2)选项词义。
A.grassland n.草原,牧草地
B.terrace n.平台;梯田;阳台
C.desert n.沙漠;荒原;应得的赏罚
D.forest n.森林
本句大意为“在草原上最有可能发现大群食草类哺乳动物”。根据句意,grazing mammals必定生活在grassland上,因此只有选项A符合题意。
2. The politician’s speech was ______ of nothing but a bitter railing.
A.made
B.formed
C.composed
D.included
正确答案:C
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句为主动补(SVC)结构,The politician’s speech为主语,was为系动词,______ of nothing but a bi~er railing为主语补语。
(2)选项词义。
A.make vt.使得;进行;布置,准备,整理;制造
B.form vt.构成,组成;排列,组织:产生,塑造
C.compose vt.构成;写作;使平静
D.include vt.包含,包括
本句大意为“那个政客的演说只不过是一顿尖刻的斥责”。从题干中的搭配和词义来看,只有C符合句意,因此为正确答案。
3. When the first Europeans arrived in Australia, they found the continent already ______ by other people.
A.abandoned
B.populated
C.migrated
D.explored
正确答案:B
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句是一个主从复合句,由when引导的时间状语从句和主句构成。主句的结构为主动宾补(SVOC),主语是they,即the first Europeans,谓语动词为found,宾语为the continent,后面的already ______ by other people为宾语补足语。
(2)选项词义。
A.abandon vt.抛弃离弃;放弃;放纵
B.populate vt.居住于……中;构成……的人口
C.migrate vt.使移居
D.explore vt.探索;探测;探险
本句大意为“第一批欧洲人抵达大洋洲时,他们发现这个大陆已经有人居住了”。结合历史常识,只有populated符合题意,因此选项B为正确答案。
4. Though many exchange students undergo a period of ______ upon arrival in the host countries, in a short time they begin to feel much more comfortable.
A.excitement
B.relaxation
C.boredom
D.disorientation
正确答案:D
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句主句的结构为主动宾(SVO),其中主语为they,谓语动词为begin,to feel much more comfortable为宾语,though引导的是让步状语从句。
(2)选项词义。
A.excitement n.兴奋;刺激;令人兴奋的事物
B.relaxation n.放松;缓和;消遣
C.boredom n.厌倦;令人厌烦的事物
D.disorientation n.迷失方向;迷惑
本句大意为“许多交换生一国外会经历一段迷茫期,但很快就觉得适应了”。因为though引导的是让步状语从句,因此从句中所选的词在意义上与comfortable相反:根据一般常识,出国的人经常不会感到boredom,而是无所适从,因此disorientation为最佳选项。
5. University professors are frequently ______ to use multimedia materials in their classroom presentations.
A.inspired
B.trusted
C.forced
D.encouraged
正确答案:D
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句是一个被动句,其结构为主动补(SVC),主语为university professors,谓语为are frequently ______,to use…为主语补语。
(2)选项词义。
A.inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;产生鼓舞;产生
B.trust vt.信任;相信
C.force vt.被迫;违心;不得不
D.encourage vt.鼓励
本句大意为“鼓励大学教授在课堂教学中使用多媒体素材”。根据上下文,使用多媒体教学,这应该是受到鼓励的See做法,因此encouraged最符合句意。
6. Desiring to ______ his talking friends, Mark gave them candies to keep their mouths shut.
A.terrify
B.offend
C.reward
D.silence
正确答案:D
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本题的句子结构为主动双宾语(SVoO),主语为Mark,谓语动词为gave,双宾语为them (间接宾语)和candies (直接宾语),现在分词desiring to do…作原因状语,to keep their mouths shut为目的状语。
(2)选项词义。
A.terrify vt.使恐怖;使惊吓;恐吓;吓唬
B.offend vt.触怒;得罪;冒犯;使反感;令人不适
C.reward vt.酬谢;奖赏;报答
D.silence vt.使安静;使沉默
本句大意为“为了让滔滔不绝的朋友们安静下来,马克请他们吃糖,以堵上他们的嘴巴”。根据下文,keep mouths shut的结果就是silence,因此选项D是最佳答案。
7. To the younger generation, hunger was an ______ concept, having never missed a meal themselves.
A.absurd
B.abnormal
C.abstract
D.abusive
正确答案:C
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句的结构为主动补(SVC),其中hunger为主语,was为系动词,an ______ concept为主语补语,having never missed a meal themselves为原因状语。
(2)选项词义。
A.absurd adj.荒唐的;可笑的;不合理
B.abnormal adj.反常的;不正常的
C.abstract adj.抽象的;理论上的;难解的
D.abusive adj.骂人的;滥用的;虐待的
本句大意为“对年轻一代来说,饥饿是一个抽象概念,因为他们从来没有缺过一顿饭”。根据下文having never missed a meal themselves可知,只有选项C最符合句意。
8. She was determined to ______ her reputation in the foreign service by learning to speak Chinese.
A.enhance
B.increase
C.forge
D.accelerate

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