Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar
This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing” for human beings is a question that ______ of a wide solution.
A.requires
B.needs
C.admits
D.seeks
正确答案:C
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句主要结构为SVC,其中Whether the extension of…for human beings是主语从句,之后的is为系动词,a question是主语补语,其后的that从句为question的定语。
(2)选项词义。
A.require v. 需要;依靠;依赖
B.need v. 需要;必需
C.admit v. 容许;承认
D.seek v. 寻求;谋求;争取
本句大意为“对人类而言,意识的延伸究竟‘是好是坏’,是一个见仁见智的问题”。根据上下文,只有admits符合句意。
2. Scientists believe that being born in the summer could give you a sunny disposition for your life, and a winter birthday might cast a permanent shadow ______ your happiness.
A.over
B.through
C.across
D.with
正确答案:A
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句的主要结构为主动宾(SVO),宾语由两个并列的子句充当。
(2)选项词义。
A.over prep.(表示方向)越过;(部分或全部覆盖)在……上面
B.through prep.通过,穿过;经由;透过;凭借
C.across prep.穿过;横穿,横过;与……交叉;在……对面
D.with prep.和,跟;随着;关于;和……一致
本句大意为“科学家们认为,生于夏天的人性格阳光,生于冬天可能会给你的幸福蒙上永久的阴影”。从搭配来看,只有over符合句意(cast a shadow over),因此A为正确选项。
3. The residents of that area, knowing that seat belts save lives, are ______ with the seat belt law.
A.comparative
B.compliant
C.compatible
D.commensurate
正确答案:B
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句结构为主动补(SVC),The residents of that area(主语),knowing that seat belts save lives(原因状语),are(系动词)______ with the seat belt law(主语补语)。
(2)选项词义。
A.comparative adj.比较(上)的;相对的
B.compliant adj.遵从的;依从的;(与系列规则相)符合的;一致的
C.compatible adj.兼容的,相容的;和谐的,协调的
D.commensurate adj.(在时间和空间上)相等的;相称的,相当的
本句大意为“那个地区的居民深知安全带可以挽救生命,因此自觉遵守安全带法”。从词义来看,只有compliant构成的搭配(be compliant with)最符合句意。
4. Fortunately, my attorney helped me obtain compensation for my injuries, which ______ my monthly income.
A.augmented
B.allotted
C.allocated
D.aggregated
正确答案:A
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句的主句结构为主动宾补(SVOC),主语为my attorney,谓语为helped,me为宾语,obtain compensation为宾语补足语,后面which引导的从句为非限定性定语从句,修饰compensation。
(2)选项词义。
A.augment vt.增强;增加,增添;(使)扩张,扩大
B.allot vt.分配;分派;拨给;指定(款项等)
C.allocate vt.分配,分派;把……拨给
D.aggregate vt.使聚集,使积聚;总计达
本句大意为“幸运的是,我的律师帮助我获得了伤害赔偿,这增加了我的月收入”。从词义来看,只有augment符合句意。
5. Most people who are color-blind actually can distinguish several colors. Some, however, have a truly ______ view of a world all in shades of gray.
A.opalescent
B.translucent
C.astigmatic
D.monochromatic
正确答案:D
[解析] (1)句子结构。
题干中的第一句是主动宾(SVO)结构,其主语Most people带有一个由who引导的关系从句。第二句也是主动宾(SVO)结构,all in shades of gray作为定语修饰a world。
(2)选项词义。
A.opalescent adj.发乳白色光的
B.translucent adj.半透明的;透亮的,有光泽的
C.astigmatic adj.散光的,矫正散光的;歪曲(或无视)事实的
D.monochromatic adj.单色的,单频的
本句大意为“大多数色盲实际上能分辨出几种颜色。然而,对有些色盲来说,整个世界在他们眼里色彩单一,只有深浅不同的灰色”。从词义来看,只有monochromatic符合句意,因此D为正确选项。
6. It is believed that when artists, advertisers and creative executives all get in the same room together, no one wants to ______ any control.
A.reserve
B.relinquish
C.recover
D.return
正确答案:B
[解析] (1)句子结构。
这是一个含有主语从句的句子,其中,it为形式主语,is believed是谓语;that引导的从句是真正的主语,主语从句中有一个when引导的状语从句。
(2)选项词义。
A.reserve v.储备;保留;预约
B.relinquish v.放弃;让出(权利,财产等);放开,松手
C.recover v.恢复;重新获得;(正)恢复(适当的状态或位置)
D.return v.回来;退还;重现;回报
本句大意为“人们认为,当艺术家、广告商和创意主管齐聚一堂时,没有人愿意放弃掌控权”。从词义来看,只有选项B最符合句意。
7. After eight hours at the wheel of the lorry, the driver was beginning to feel the ______.
A.strife
B.sweat
C.struggle
D.strain
正确答案:D
[解析] (1)句子结构。
本句为主谓结构(SV),其中the driver为主语,was beginning…为谓语;句首的介词词组作时间状语。
(2)选项词义。
A.strife n.斗争;争吵;冲突
B.sweat n.汗水;湿气;繁重、耗力的劳动
C.struggle n.打斗;竞争;奋斗
D.strain n.压力;重负;性格
本句大意为“卡车司机开了八个小时车后,开始感到疲惫不已”。从上文的After eight hours at the wheel of the lorry来看,只有选项D最符合句意。
8. The first settlers in the U.S. had to ______ with unfriendly Indians, sickness, coldness, and lack of food.
A.confront
B.contend
C.consent
D.conspire

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