泽熙美文Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar
This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. The story ______ through generations of civilizations from ancient Sumerian and Egyptian to Classical and Mesoamerican to Christian and Islamic civilizations.
A.straggles
B.stretches
C.straightens
D.strengthens
正确答案：B
[解析] 句子译文：这个故事贯穿了世代的文明，从古代的苏美尔文明和埃及文明到古典文明和中美洲文明，再到基督教文明和伊斯兰教文明。
试题参考解析：A．straggles v. 四散，蔓延
B．stretches v. 伸展，延续
C．straightens v. 变直；端正(身体)
D．strengthens v. 加强，巩固
根据上下文以及后面的介词through可知，stretches为正确选项。stretch through表示“贯穿”，故选B。
2. We will examine the historical, social and political context of early Modernism against the ______ of rapid industrialization.
A.backdrop
B.backbone
C.backlog
D.backup
正确答案：A
[解析] 句子译文：我们将在快速工业化的背景下，研究早期现代主义的历史、社会和政治背景。
试题参考解析：A．backdrop n. 背景
B．backbone n. 支柱，骨干
C．backlog n. 积压，未完成订单
D．backup n. 支持；后援
四个选项都含有back一词，但是意思各不相同，要注意辨析。A选项backdrop意为“背景”，符合句意，故A为正确选项。
3. He told me the OnePlus TV ran Android and used LED ______ in sizes between 43 and 75 inches.
A.boards
B.panels
C.bars
D.planks
正确答案：B
[解析] 句子译文：他告诉我，“一加电视”运行的是安卓系统，使用的是尺寸在43英寸到75英寸之间的LED面板。
试题参考解析：A．boards n. 木板
B．panels n. 仪表盘；面板
C．bars n. 条，棒
D．planks n. 木板；板条
LED panel意为“液晶显示屏幕”，也可以说LED screen，故选项B为正确答案。
4. In France a law was introduced in 2018 to tackle the manipulation of information and its deliberate ______.
A.admonition
B.assimilation
C.accumulation
D.dissemination
正确答案：D
[解析] 句子译文：法国于2018年出台了一项法律，旨在打击操纵信息和故意传播信息的行为。
试题参考解析：A．admonition n. 警告
B．assimilation n. 吸收
C．accumulation n. 积聚，累积
D．dissemination n. 传播，散布
deliberate dissemination意为“故意传播”，其他三个选项均不符合句意，故D为正确选项。
5. We may measure criminal behavior by arrests and ______; however, not everyone charged is found guilty.
A.chimes
B.checks
C.changes
D.charges
正确答案：D
[解析] 句子译文：我们可以通过逮捕和指控来衡量犯罪行为，但是并不是每个被指控的人都被判有罪。
试题参考解析：A．chimes n. 钟声
B．checks n. 支票；检验，核对
C．changes n. 变化，变更
D．charges n. 控告，指控
根据前面的名词arrests(逮捕)可以推断D选项charges最符合句意，故为正确选项。
Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement
In each of them one word is underlined, and below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. Human-induced climate change is predicted to make drylands drier and increase the hazard of floods and powerful cyclones in more-humid regions.
A.security
B.peacefulness
C.hubbub
D.peril
正确答案：D
[解析] 句子译文：据预测，人类引发的气候变化将使干旱地区更加干燥，并增加湿润地区发生洪水和强飓风的风险。
试题参考解析：A. security n. 安全，安全性
B．peacefulness n. 平静；温和
C．hubbub n. 喧哗；骚动
D．peril n. 危险；冒险
画线词hazard意为“危险”，与其意思相近的词是选项D的peril，其他选项均不符合句意，故D为正确选项。
2. This language interference forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles.
A.drill
B.duel
C.dale
D.debris
正确答案：A
[解析] 句子译文：这种语言干扰迫使大脑解决内部冲突，给大脑一个锻炼，增强其认知肌。
试题参考解析：A．drill n. 训练，操练
B．duel n. 决斗；斗争，抗争
C．dale n. 山谷
D．debris n. 碎片，残骸
画线词workout意为“锻炼”，与之意思相近的词是选项A的drill，其他选项均不符合句意，故A为正确选项。
3. This finding highlights the need for further research on Australia’s unique, and sometimes cryptic, biodiversity.
A.weakens
B.degrades
C.disheartens
D.accentuates
正确答案：D
[解析] 句子译文：这一发现强调了对澳大利亚独特且时而神秘的生物多样性进行进一步研究的必要性。
试题参考解析：A．weakens v. 减少；使变弱
B．degrades v. 贬低；使降级
C．disheartens v. 使灰心，使沮丧
D．accentuates v. 强调
