Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar
This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. Grover Cleveland was the first president ______ in the White House.
A.got married
B.to get married
C.has got married
D.was married
正确答案:B
[解析] 非谓语动词用法。
此处所填内容应是修饰表语the first president的后置定语,且此句已有系动词was;而选项A、C、D均为完整的谓语动词,所以为避免谓语动词罗列,只能选择选项B.to get married这一动词不定式(非谓语动词)来作定语。
2. If cauliflowers are not ______ from extreme temperatures, the heads get discolored.
A.protected
B.shelter
C.shade
D.saved
正确答案:A
[解析] 固定搭配。
此处注意不同的动词词组含义不同:protect sb./sth.保护,防卫,如:protect a person from harm保护某人免受伤害:shelter from躲避,避难,如:shelter from trouble避开麻烦,shade from为……遮光,遮蔽,如:She shaded her eyes from the sun with her hands.她用手遮在眼睛上方挡住阳光。save from救助,拯救,保全(以免损失、伤害),如:save sb. from drowning拯救某人免于溺毙,其中protect既指防御现实的危险、危害,又指防御将来的或可能的危险、危害,既可用于自然现象,又可用于社会现象。此处用来表示保护花椰菜免受极端气温的侵害,防止菜花脱色。
3. The gas ______ from the tank is dangerous.
A.given off
B.giving out
C.giving away
D.given up
正确答案:A
[解析] 习语辨析。
A.given off发出(蒸汽、光等),长出(枝、杈等);B.giving out分发,发出(气味,热等),精疲力竭,C.giving away赠送,泄漏,告发;D.given up停止,放弃。此处应填过去分词短语(因表被动),所以选项B,C不对,而选项A、D中只有A符合题意。
4. When it started to snow, we turned round and ______ the hotel.
A.got by
B.searched for
C.made for
D.cleared up
正确答案:C
[解析] 习语辨析。
此句意为“天开始下雪,我们转身……旅馆”,get by通过,过得去,(勉强)过活:search for搜寻,探求,make for(匆匆)走向,有助于,clear up清理,收拾,消除,(天气)放晴,因此应选C.转身向旅馆走去。
5. Since writing home to theft parents for money, they had lived ______ hope.
A.in
B.for
C.on
D.through
正确答案:A
[解析] 固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中,live for为……而生活,盼望,live on继续生活,以……为主食,靠……生活;live through度过,经受过;根据句意应填A。
6. Rice is the ______ food of most Southeast Asians.
A.common
B.general
C.staple
D.popular
正确答案:C
[解析] 近义辨析。
A.common共同的,共有的;普通的,常见的;主要指共有的或共同享受的,B.general一般的,普通的,全面的,主要指普遍性;C.staple主要的,常用的,staple food指主食;D.popular通俗的,流行的;因此答案为C。
7. William Byrd was the owner of the largest library in colonial ______.
A.period
B.time
C.times
D.periods
正确答案:C
[解析] 近义辨析。
A.period时代(可指历史上任何一段时间,这段时间可长可短),期间(适用于任何目的或任何长短的时间范围);B.time时间,时机,时期,期限;C.times时期(历史上的时代或时期);D.period周期;因此C是答案。
8. Exobiology is the study of life ______ other planets.
A.in
B.at
C.on
D.to
正确答案:C
[解析] 介词辨析。
介词at,in,on都可以表示地点,但用法有区别:at通常指小地方;in通常指大地方;on通常指一个物体在另一物体的表面上,意指两物体相互接触,如;on earth (land, sea)在地(陆、海)上,因此应填C。
9. The Declaration of Independence, ______ the Constitution of the United States, was drawn up with the help of Benjamin Franklin.
A.and
B.also
C.as well as
D.so too
正确答案:C
[解析] 结构辨析。
此句意为:《独立宣言》和美国宪法都是在本杰明•富兰克林的协助下起草的。A.and(连接并列的名词、代词或数词)同,和,与;B.also也(在句中作状语;只能用于肯定句中,通常放在主要动词之前,助动问之后);C.as well as除……之外,和(强调的重点在前面),不但……而且;注意:用and连接一般不需要逗号隔开,且此处后面的系动词是was,不是were;因此答案只能是C。
10. It was from the Lowell Laboratory that the ninth ______ , Pluto, was sighted in 1930.
A.planet
B.constellation
C.stardom
D.satellite
正确答案:A
[解析] 近义辨析。
A.planet行星(尤指太阳系);B.constellation恒星群,星座;C.stardom明星的身份,演员们;D.satellite人造卫星,又知Pluto是冥王星;答案应为A。
11. The rodent ______ the mouse, rat, guinea pig, and porcupine, are mammals with incisor-like teeth in both jaws.
A.made up
B.including
C.consisting
D.constitute
正确答案:B
[解析] 近义辨析。
made up of由……组成,构成(着重指有许多构成成分及组件等,常用被动语态),如:Life is made up of bobs, sniffles and smiles. 生活是由啜泣,抽噎和微笑组成的。include包含,包括(侧重包含的只是整体的一部分,用分词时,常引入一个解释性短语),如:The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.旅游项目中包括参观科学博物馆。consist of由……组成,如:Our school consists of 20 classes.我们学校是由20个班级组成的。Constitute组成,构成,如:Seven days constitute a week.七天为一星

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