Vocabulary Selection
1. Most of the older civilizations which flourished during the fifth century B. C. ______.
A.they have died out
B.has died out
C.have died out
D.they had died out
正确答案:C
[解析] 大多数在公元前5世纪兴盛的古文明都已经灭绝了。
本句是个复合句,which flourished during the fifth century B. C. 是修饰主语older civilizations的定语从句,故画线部分是句子的谓语。根据主谓一致的原则,由于主语older civilizations是复数,故谓语也应用复数,C项正确。
2. A series of studies in the Journal of Consumer Research explored observers’ reactions to people who broke ______ norms only slightly.
A.complicated
B.established
C.authenticated
D.falsified
正确答案:B
[解析] 一系列刊登在《消费者研究杂志》上的研究探讨了观察者对那些轻微违反既定标准的人们的反应。
A.complicated“复杂的,难懂的”
B.established“已被认可的,已被接受的”
C.authenticated“(authenticate的过去式和过去分词)真实的;真的”
D.falsified“弄虚的;伪造的;篡改的”
3. His strong sense of humour was ______ make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
A.so as to
B.such as to
C.so that
D.such that
正确答案:B
[解析] 他的幽默感如此之强,以至于让屋子里的每一个人都大笑了起来。
such as to表示“如此……以至于”,在这个短语中such是个代词,代表上文提到的情况或句子暗含的情况。在本句中such代表“他很强的幽默感”,因此B符合题意。A项so as to表示“以便”。C项so that后应跟一个完整的句子;另外make这个动词用的是复数形式,如果把that看作主语,谓语就应为makes,因此C选项也不符合题意。D项such that“如此……以至于”,后面也应该跟一个完整的句子。
4. The teacher always places great ______ on the need to be on time.
A.persistence
B.value
C.emphasis
D.accuracy
正确答案:C
[解析] 老师经常强调准时的必要性。
A.persistence“坚持” B.value“价值”
C.emphasis“重点,强调” D.accuracy“准确”
place emphasis on是固定搭配,意思是“强调……,重视……”。
5. Mosquitos are only means of ______ of malaria.
A.transference
B.transformation
C.transition
D.transmission
正确答案:D
[解析] 蚊子是传播疟疾的唯一途径。
A.transference“转让,职务调动” B.transformation“彻底改变”
C.transition“转变,过渡” D.transmission“传播”
6. What’s the chance of ______ a general election this year?
A.there being
B.there to be
C.there be
D.there going to be
正确答案:A
[解析] 今年举行大选的可能性有多大?
句中介词of后面要跟动名词being,而动名词可以有其逻辑主语there(there be结构),因此A项是正确答案。D项there going to be是缺少谓语的一般将来时,不是动名词结构,注意区别。
7. A couple of young people were ______ leaflets in front of the department store.
A.handling
B.dividing
C.distributing
D.arranging
正确答案:C
[解析] 几个年轻人正在百货商店前分发传单。
A.handling“处理,操作” B.dividing“分隔,分开”
C.distributing“分发” D.arranging“安排”
8. The additional work will take ______ weeks.
A.the other
B.another two
C.other two
D.the more
正确答案:B
[解析] 额外的工作将再花费2周。
another泛指不定数目中的“另一个”,the other指确定数目中的“另一个”;another two/three…+复数名词=two/three more+复数名词,意为“再两/三……”。本题空格后为复数名词weeks,因此答案为B项another two。A项中的the other后接单数名词;D项应改为two more。
9. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ______ is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced.
A.whose
B.as
C.what
D.that
正确答案:D
[解析] 那些使用计算机的公司发现,它们所需要的负责质量监控的员工人数可以大量削减。
题中修饰staff的定语从句中缺少主语,而D项that既可连接定语从句,又可充当从句中的主语,用来指人,符合题意。
10. A: Mother, you promised to take me out. B: Well, ______
A.so do I.
B.so did I.
C.so I do!
D.so I did!
正确答案:D
[考点] 考查动词性替代。
[解析] A:妈妈,你答应过要带我出去的。B:嗯,我确实答应过。
A抱怨妈妈说话不算数;B用了一个语气词well表明她承认自己曾经许诺过这事。“so+主语+助动词”表示说话人认同对方的看法,该结构中的主语指的就是前一句话中的主语,根据前一句的promised可知助动词应使用过去式did,故答案为D。“so+助动词+主语”结构表示“……也是这样”,该结构中的主语与前一句的主语指代不同的对象,故不选A。
11. ______ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.
A.To be not tall
B.Not being tall
C.Being not tall
D.Not to be tall
正确答案:B
[解析] 长得不高不应该成为生活和工作中的一大不利因素。
此句缺主语。动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语,但动名词作主语通常是泛指一般的抽象概念,而不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作。两者用于否定时都是把not提前。“长得不高”并不是一个具体的动作,因此动名词更为合适,因此选B项。
12. The children should ______ “thank you” to you when you gave them gifts.
A.had said
B.be saying
C.have said
D.saying
正确答案:C
[考点] 本题考查虚拟语气的情态动词。
[解析] 你给孩子们礼物的时候,他们本该说“谢谢”的。
根据句意,此处应选用should have done表示“本应该”,B项符合要求。should后面动词要用原形,因此排除A项had said和D项saying;B项be saying“正在说”不符合句意,故排除。
13. Intellect is to the mind ______ sight is to the body.

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