泽熙美文Cloze Test
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know 1 first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; 2 we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think 3 them, so much so that on all the highest columns in the great cities of the world you will find the 4 of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people 5 that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of 6 countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just 7 they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals 8 ; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting 9 be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good; but it is not to be 10 . Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most 11 —this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to 12 quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to 12 some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can 14 the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed 15 has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been 16 . For that is what going to war means; it means 17 that might is right.
That is what the story of mankind has 18 been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, 19 millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets— 20 , that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life—nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
1.
A.where
B.who
C.what
D.why
正确答案：B
[解析] 测试要点：关系代词who的用法。句中动词know后面要求接一宾语从句，因而选项中必须填入一个既能引导宾语从句又能作为宾语从句主语的关系代词。选项中where和why均为疑问副词，不能作主语。what为疑问代词，但不指人。只有关系代词who既能作主语引导宾语从句又能代表人，故应为答案。
2.
A.though
B.still
C.but
D.although
正确答案：C
[解析] 测试要点：逻辑关系判断。though“虽然，尽管”；although“虽然，尽管”；but“但是”；still“仍然，还”。从上下文来看，全句的逻辑关系应为转折关系，指“我们不知道……；但我们知道……”。而though, although均表示让步关系，still表示“仍然”，只有but表示转折，符合题意。
3.
A.a great deal of
B.many of
C.a number of
D.lots of
正确答案：A
[解析] 测试要点：短语意义选择。a great deal of“大量；强调；重要”；many of“许多”；a number of“许多，若干”；lots of“大量的，很多的”。在表示数量时，四个短语都表示“许多、大量”的意思，但a great deal of可以用作状语，表示强调，如：There was a great deal of excitement just before the game began. 比赛开始前，人们非常激动。It means a great deal to her. 这对她意义重大。文中句意为“人们非常敬仰他们，……”，为强调，故答案应为A。
4.
A.picture
B.oil-painting
C.stone
D.figure
正确答案：D
[解析] 测试要点：名词词义选择。picture“照片”；oil-paining“油画”；stone“碑石”；figure“塑像，雕像”。根据常识，在西方最大城市的最高建筑物上找到的应是征服者、将军或士兵的雕像，而不会是照片、油画、碑石之类，故D项figure应为正确选择。
5.
A.believe
B.expect
C.mean
D.like
正确答案：A
[解析] 测试要点：动词词义选择。believe“相信”；expect“期望，期待”；mean“意为”；like“喜欢，愿意”。题句意为“而我认为大多数人们相信最伟大的国家是那些在战斗中打败其他大多数国家并统治他们的征服者。”根据题意，答案应为A。
6.
A.some
B.many
C.other
D.any
正确答案：C
[解析] 测试要点：上下文逻辑关系。some“一些，几个”；many“许多”；other“其他的，其余的，另外的”；any“任何的，所有的”。题句指“……在战斗中打败其他大多数国家的征服者”，从逻辑上说，只有C项other能表达此意。
7.
A.suitable
B.possible
C.questionable
D.acceptable
正确答案：B
[解析] 测试要点：由后缀“-able”构成的形容词词义选择。suitable“适当的”；possible“可能的”；questionable“可疑的”；acceptable“可接受的”。题句为一省略句，补全后应为：It is just possible (that) they are (the greatest countries), but they are not the most civilized.意为“它们仅仅可能是最伟大的国家，但它们并不是最文明的国家。”根据上下文，B项possible最贴近题意。
8.
A.beat
B.combat
C.struggle
D.fight
正确答案：D
[解析] 测试要点：动词词义辨析。beat“打败”；combat“战斗”；struggle“斗争”；fight“打架，搏斗”。题句意为“动物打架，野蛮人也如此；……”指“打架”时，应选用fight。
9.
A.is to
B.has to
C.should
D.had better
正确答案：A
[解析] 测试要点：时态和语气的判断。题句内容为一般事实的陈述，应采用一般时态，同时句中前后结构应保持一致，故选A。
10.
A.learned
B.got
C.civilized
D.praised
正确答案：C
[解析] 测试要点：形容词和动词词义选择。learned“有学问的”；got“得到”(get的过去式)；civilized“文明的”；praised“赞扬”(praise的过去式)。上文提到征服者并不是最文明的，本句讲好斗就像动物与野蛮人一样，故C应为最佳选择。
11.
A.sufficiently
