Cloze Test
What’s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk or talk? The first time you 1 thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom 2 events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four 3 retain any specific, personal experiences.
A variety of explanations have been 4 by psychologists for this “childhood amnesia” (儿童失忆症). One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature 5 about the age of two. But the most popular theory 6 that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot 7 childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or 8 —one event follows 9 as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental 10 for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fits the 11 . It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.
Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new 12 for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply 13 any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use 14 spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly 15 impressions of them into long-term memories. In other 16 . children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about 17 —Mother talking about the afternoon 18 looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean park. Without this 19 reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form 20 memories of their personal experiences.
1.
A.listened
B.felt
C.touched
D.heard
正确答案:D
[解析] A项“listen”表示“听,收听”,通常“listen to”;B项“feel”表示“感觉,触摸”指用感觉去感觉;C项“touch”表示“接触,触摸”,指手指去感觉;D项“hear”表示“听见,听到”,指用耳朵去感觉。由于这里修饰的宾语是“thunder”雷声,应该用耳朵“听到”。A项是个不及物动词,不能用在这里,所以本题符合的只有选项D。
2.
A.involve
B.interpret
C.recall
D.resolve
正确答案:C
[解析] A项“involve”表示“包括,潜心于”;B项“interpret”表示“解释,说明”;C项“recall”表示“回忆,回想”;D项“resolve”表示“解决,解答”。由于本文主要讲的就是有关“儿童失忆症”。这句话应该讲的是:成年人很少回忆起比上学前那一年早得多的事情。应该选用“recall”。所以应该选C。
3.
A.largely
B.rarely
C.merely
D.really
正确答案:B
[解析] A项“largely”表示“主要地,很大程度上”;B项“rarely”表示“很少地,罕有地”;C项“merely”表示“仅仅,只”;D项“really”表示“真正地,实在地”。根据“just as”可知,前后两句的意思相近,前面用到“seldom”,表示很少记起以前的事情,后面应该选用“rarely”。表示三、四岁的儿童很少记起任何具体的,涉及个人的经历。所以应该选B。
4.
A.canceled
B.figured
C.proposed
D.witnessed
正确答案:C
[解析] A项“cancel”表示“取消,删去”;B项“figure”表示“描绘,塑造”;C项“propose”表示“提议,提出”;D项“witness”表示“目击,目睹”。由于这里的宾语是“explanations”,所以只能用A和C;由于此处A与文章的意思相反。应该选用“propose”。
表示“心理学家已经对这样的‘儿童失忆症’提出了各种各样的解释”。所以应该选C。
5.
A.until
B.once
C.after
D.since
正确答案:A
[解析] 这里与“not”搭配。“not until”是固定搭配,表示“直到……才”,表示“海马状突起(人脑内负责形成记忆的区域)直到两岁才发育成熟”。应该选“until”。所以应该选A。
6.
A.magnifies
B.intervenes
C.contains
D.maintains
正确答案:D
[解析] A项“magnify”表示“放大,扩大”;B项“intervene”表示“干涉,干预”,;C项“contain”表示“包含,容纳”;D项“maintain”表示“主张”。由于主语是“theory”理论,选用“maintain”最符合题意。所以应该选D。
7.
A.reflect
B.attain
C.access
D.refer
正确答案:A
[解析] A项“reflect”表示“反射,反映”;B项“attain”表示“获得,达到”;C项“access”表示“得到,了解”;D项“refer”表示“涉及,提到”。这里对“儿童失忆症”的解释是用大脑的海马状突起来说明的,由于成年人不像儿童那样思考,所以他们不能反射出儿童的记忆。应该选用“reflect”作记忆的谓语动词。所以应该选A。
8.
A.narratives
B.forecasts
C.regulations
D.descriptions
正确答案:A
[解析] A项“narrative”表示“叙述”;B项“forecast”表示“预测,预想”;C项“regulation”表示“规则,规章”;D项“description”表示“描写,记述”。由于句子中的词用“or”连接,所以前后意思相近,所填的词应该与“stories”词义相近,表示他们有关生活的记忆就像故事或者叙述。所以应该选用A项“narrative”。
9.
A.the rest
B.another
C.the other
D.others
正确答案:B
[解析] 这里要与“one”搭配。A项“the rest”表示“其余者”,指剩下来的人或物;B项“another”表示“另一个”,通常与“one”搭配;C项“the other”表示“另一个”,一般指两者之中的另外一个;D项“others”表示“其他的,另外的”,是复数形式,也不与“one”搭配。从句意上来看应该表示的是“一件事紧跟一件”,所以应该选B,“one follows another”是习惯用法。
10.
A.outputs
B.dreams
C.flashes
D.files
正确答案:D
[解析] A项“output”表示“输出,输出量”;B项“dream”表示“梦,梦想”;C项“flash”表示“闪光,闪现”;D项“file”表示“文件,档案”。联系上下文可知,这里用“file”最符合文意。所以应该选D。
11.
A.footstep

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