翻译三级笔译实务模拟86

Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation

Translate the following passage into Chinese.

1.  Looking ahead, the first priority should be to deepen traditional trade rules and commitments. International cooperation has so far delivered uneven openness in goods and services. Trade liberalization is overdue in agriculture and services, and some industrial goods remain restricted in certain markets¹ and by non-tariff measures. Special and differential treatment for developing countries has in some cases² accommodated sluggish reform³, ultimately inhibiting global value chain (GVC) participation and integration into the global economy.

In addition, the escalation of tariffs in some of the world’s largest markets—which serve to protect higher value-added production⁴—is inhibiting processing activities in agroindustry and other labor-intensive areas such as apparel and leather goods in developing countries. Restrictive rules of origin in preferential agreements are curtailing sourcing options⁵. Subsidies and state-owned firms are distorting competition, and the existing rules do not guarantee competitive neutrality. For services, international negotiations have delivered little liberalization beyond that undertaken unilaterally.⁶ Important GVC-relevant services, such as air and maritime transportation (which most need coordinated liberalization), have been excluded from negotiations because of the power of vested interests⁷.

Traditional trade negotiations may deliver more meaningful outcomes if the major developing country traders engage as equal partners and even leaders instead of seeking special and differential treatment; if the large industrial countries continue to place their faith in⁸ rules-based negotiations instead of resorting to unilateral protection; and if all countries work together to define a negotiating agenda that reflects both development and business priorities.

正确答案：

未来首要任务是深化传统贸易规则和承诺。迄今为止，国际合作所带来的商品和服务贸易的开放程度参差不齐。农业和服务业的贸易自由化迟迟未至，一些工业产品仍然在某些市场受到限制或面临非关税措施。有些发展中国家因享受特殊和差别待遇而无心改革，改革进展缓慢，最终无法参与全球价值链、融入全球经济。

此外，世界上几个最大的市场通过提高关税来保护高附加值产品，抑制了发展中国家的农业和劳动密集型行业(如服装与皮革)的加工活动。特惠贸易协定中的限制性原产地规则缩小了采购地选择范围。补贴和国有企业扭曲了竞争环境，现行规则并不保证竞争中立。在服务业方面，除了单方面采取的自由化措施外，国际谈判在实现贸易自由化上收效甚微。在全球价值链相关的重要服务方面，航空和海运对协调一致的自由化需求最迫切，却因既得利益集团的干预而被排除在谈判范围之外。

如果主要发展中贸易国以平等伙伴甚至是领导者的身份参与谈判，而不是寻求特殊和差别待遇；如果工业大国继续坚持基于规则的谈判，而不是采取单边保护措施；如果世界各国共同制定一个同时反映发展和商业诉求的谈判议程，那么传统贸易谈判也许会带来更有实际意义的成果。

[解析] 1．restricted in certain markets，在某些市场受限，要与restricted to certain markets区别开来，后者指“仅限于某些市场”。

2．in some cases这里不宜译成“某些情况下”，而是指“某些发展中国家”。

3．accommodated sluggish reform，accommodate在这里有“容忍、容许”的意思，因为给予了某些发展中国家特殊和差别待遇，所以它们不急于改革，最终结果就是它们没有能力参与全球价值链和融入全球经济。

4．which serve to protect higher value-added production，serve to这个词组表明了“提高关税”的目的，所以将定语从句译成目的状语，形式变了但意思没变。

5．curtail缩减，削减；source作名词指“来源”，作动词指“找到可以获得某物的来源”或“从某地获得某物”，通常译成“采购”，这里的sourcing是现在分词作定语。

6．在本句中，little是否定意义，表示国际谈判没有什么效果；beyond相当于except，that指liberalization(自由化)。

7．vested interests，既得利益集团，它们利用手中的权力将航空和海运排除在谈判范围之外，这种“利用权力”的行为译成“干预”很贴切。

8．place one’s faith in信任，相信。“相信”是思维层面上的，而下文的“采取单边保护措施”是行动层面上的，所以译文不用“相信”而用“坚持”，或者用“遵循”也可以，更好地与下文形成对照。

Section Ⅱ Chinese-English Translation

Translate the following passage into English.

1.  华为创立于1987年¹，是全球领先的ICT(信息与通信)基础设施和智能终端提供商²，公司致力于把数字世界带入每个人、每个家庭、每个组织，构建万物互联的智能世界³。目前华为有19.7万员工，业务遍及170多个国家和地区，服务30多亿人口。

华为在通信网络、IT、智能终端和云服务⁴等领域为客户提供有竞争力、安全、可信赖的产品、解决方案与服务，与生态伙伴开放合作，持续为客户创造价值，释放个人潜能，丰富家庭生活，激发组织创新。⁵华为坚持围绕客户需求持续创新，加大基础研究投入，厚积薄发，推动世界进步。

华为主张开放、合作、共赢，与客户、伙伴合作创新、扩大产业价值，形成健康、良性的产业生态系统。⁶华为加入400多个标准组织、产业联盟和开源社区，积极参与和支持主流标准的制定，推动产业良性发展，推动社会可持续发展。华为致力消除数字鸿沟⁷、促进数字包容，在珠峰、北极圈内等偏远地区建设网络，在西非埃博拉疫区、日本海啸核泄漏、中国汶川大地震等重大灾难现场恢复通信；同时，积极推进绿色低碳和节能环保，帮助培养本地ICT人才，促进数字经济发展。

正确答案：

Founded in 1987, Huawei is a world-leading provider of ICT infrastructure and intelligent terminals. The company is committed to making the digital world accessible to every individual, every household and every organization, and building an intelligent world where all things are connected. So far, with a staff of 197 thousand, Huawei has expanded its business across more than 170 countries and regions, serving over 3 billion people.

Huawei provides its clients with competitive, secure and trustworthy products, solutions and services in areas of telecommunication networks, IT, smart terminals and cloud service. It has worked with its “eco-partners” inclusively and created value for its clients continuously, unleashing individuals’ potential, enriching family life and stimulating organizational creativity. Huawei has kept focusing on the needs of clients and innovated continuously. It has increased investment in fundamental research and expanded its techno-logical accumulation to promote the progress of the world.

An advocate of openness, cooperation and mutual benefit, Huawei has worked with its partners to innovate and increase the value of the industry, creating a healthy, favorable industrial ecosystem. It has joined more than 400 standards-developing organizations, industrial alliances and open-source communities, actively participating in and supporting the development of mainstream standards, promoting sound industrial growth and sustainable social development. Huawei has been committed to bridging the digital divide and promoting digital inclusion. It has built networks on Mount Qomolangma, in the Arctic circle and other remote areas, restored communications in areas hit by major disasters such as the Ebola outbreak in western Africa, the tsunami-caused nuclear leakage in Japan and the massive earthquake in Wenchuan, China. Meanwhile, it has actively pursued green low-carbon development and energy and environmental conservation. and helped foster local ICT talents to boost the development of digital economy.

[解析] 1．介绍一个组织时，往往会首先介绍该组织位于何处、成立于何时。在翻译成英语时，这些部分常常会处理成分词短语的形式。本段第一句中的“创立于1987年”即是如此，参考译文将其译成了过去分词短语founded in 1987。

2．“全球领先的”可以译成world-leading。“提供商”中的“商”不必刻意体现，直接译成provider或provider company即可。“智能终端”对应的英语是intelligent terminal。

3．对于“构建万物互联的智能世界”，华为官网的翻译为a fully connected, intelligent world。在CATTI考试中，考生无法上网查阅资料，需要根据自己的理解对其进行翻译。由于这是一个口号式的短语(catchword)，有传播、宣传的功能，应尽量将其译得简洁、优雅。

4．云技术(cloud technology)是近年兴起的新技术之一。“云计算”对应的英语是cloud computing，“云储存”的英语是cloud storage，本段出现的“云服务”对应的英语是cloud service。

5．本段第一句较长，可根据原文表达的意思在适当的地方断开。前半部分“华为……为客户提供……产品、解决方案和服务”已经表达了一个完整的意思，可翻译成完整的句子；后半部分，参考译文将“与生态伙伴开放合作”和“持续为客户创造价值”看成了并列关系，同时将后面三个短语“释放个人潜能”“丰富家庭生活”和“激发组织创新”处理成了分词短语作状语，表示结果。

6．本段第一句是一个由三个短句组成的“流水句”。为了译出层次感，参考译文将“主张开放、合作、共赢”译成了名词短语an advocate of openness，cooperation and mutual benefit，作主语Huawei的同位语；同时将“形成健康、良性的产业生态系统”译成分词短语creating a healthy，favorable industrial ecosystem，作结果状语。

7．本段出现了一些信息技术术语，如“开源社区”“数字鸿沟”“数字包容”“数字经济”等，对应的英文分别为open-source community、digital divide、digital inclusion、digital economy。在翻译“消除数字鸿沟”时，应注意常用搭配问题，经常与digital divide搭配的动词有eliminate、bridge、close、address等。