泽熙美文Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation
Translate the following passage into Chinese.
1. Are you having difficulty following diets? Our lives are way more complex than those which allow us to stick to a monotonous restrictive diet. Food psychologist Ridhi Golechha (里迪·格莱查) said, “If all of us could follow diets, we’d all have reached our goals. Real-life stresses such as lockdown anxiety, relationship conflicts, workload, financial stresses, exasperating parenting, teenage drama, and so much more directly impact how we feel and by virtue, what we eat. If on paper diets were so easy to follow, then we’d all be part of that tiny ten percent of people in the world (athletes, models, or actresses)—who are permanently fit.”
We all know of those rough days when all we want is to drown our faces in a tub of ice cream or reach out for that melting chocolate cake. “Emotional eating is nothing but eating our emotions. We’re all human with emotions and hunger. By that definition, all of us are emotional eaters. We turn to food when we’re overwhelmed with anger, sadness, frustration, or any other significant emotion,” explained Ridhi.
There’s a reason why the butterfly comes back to suck sweet nectar from the flowers, in turn pollinating the rest of the garden. Humans much like animals, birds and insects are hardwired for pleasure. But here’s the catch—we humans are afraid of receiving pleasure. Many fear that if they allow themselves to eat a slice of cheesy pizza (and also enjoy it), they’ll be overwhelmed with pleasure, lose control, and end up finishing the whole pizza. We fear this would result in a failed diet, weight gain and massive guilt, so we avoid it altogether. But, it doesn’t work.
Biology suggests otherwise. Like every other species, homo-sapiens were also built for survival. It is pleasure that drives humans to repeat the feel-good behaviour endlessly—explained Ridhi.
When does emotional eating become worrisome? “Largely, there’s nothing wrong with that. We do eat to manage and cope with our feelings, especially those that don’t feel so good because eating itself is so biologically rewarding. It’s completely okay if we’re doing it once in a while, because as I said we’re all evolutionarily wired to emotional eating. However, if we’re constantly depending on food to swallow our difficult emotions and discomforts—leaving us with a feeling of guilt constantly at the end of it—then definitely, we need to work on it,” said Ridhi.
What can we do to reduce emotional eating? According to Ridhi, the reason we fail our diets is that we try to fight biology and suppress our emotions, which only works temporarily. To make long-lasting changes, we must address the root causes of emotional eating. Here are a few tips to get you started:
First, don’t skip meals. Starving often confuses your biological hunger drives and makes you more vulnerable to eat your emotions. Second, understand the difference between actual physical hunger versus emotional hunger. Third, make a list of the top three emotions you feel weakly and start finding different ways to cope with them. Fourth, talk to an expert. It’s better not to ignore your emotional eating since it can later cause health issues like bloating, gas, acidity, constipation, etc. Fifth, go for a walk or do something completely different that will take away your urge by distracting you momentarily.
Emotional eating is a message that reveals a deeper problem. Understanding yourself and the way you eat can address the root causes and enable you to live a life that is beyond food obsessions and the fear of failing your diets.
正确答案：
①你是否在为节食苦苦挣扎?②我们的生活往往复杂得多，不允许我们坚持按照单调又严格的健康食谱进行饮食。③饮食生理学家里迪·格莱查表示，“如果我们都能按照规定饮食，可能早就实现了自己的目标。④现实生活中的压力会直接影响我们的感受，进而影响我们的饮食，比如疫情封锁带来的焦虑、感情矛盾、工作压力、经济压力、为人父母的恼怒时刻和青少年的戏剧化行为等等。⑤如果按照理论制定出的食谱能够那么容易坚持的话，那我们早就成为这个世界上那百分之十的少数人了——也就是那些永远保持健康的运动员、模特或女演员。”
⑥我们都知道那种艰难的日子，难受到只想把自己的脸埋在冰淇淋里，或者去吃巧克力熔岩蛋糕。⑦根据里迪的解释，“情绪化暴饮暴食的唯一目的只是为了压抑情绪。⑧我们都是有情绪和饥饿感的人类。⑨从这个定义出发，每个人都在“借食消愁”。⑩当我们被愤怒、悲伤、失望或其他强烈的情绪所淹没时，就会寻求食物的慰藉。”
①蝴蝶之所以给整个花园授粉，继而回来吸食花蜜，这是情有可原的。②人类与动物、鸟类和昆虫很像，天生就有享乐的本能。③但问题是，我们人类害怕获得快感。④很多人担心如果放纵自己享用一片芝士比萨，就会被快感冲昏头脑，从而失控地吃完整个比萨。⑤我们害怕由此导致节食失败、体重上升，产生巨大的愧疚感，所以干脆就完全避免获得快感。⑥但这并没有用。
⑦生物学家对此有不同的看法。⑧与其他生物种类一样，智人也是为生存而打造的。⑨里迪进一步解释道，正是“愉悦感”促使人类不断重复去做那些令人感觉良好的行为。
⑩那么，情绪化进食何时变得令人担忧了呢?里迪认为，“总的来说，情绪化进食没什么问题。我们确实也会通过进食来管理和应对情绪，特别是那些不太正面的情绪，因为进食本身在生物学上就是一种高回报行为。如果我们只是偶尔情绪化进食，那完全没问题，因为就像我说的，我们天生就具有情绪化进食的本能。但如果我们经常依赖食物来抑制负面情绪和不适，且往往以愧疚感告终，那我们肯定就要重视起来了。”
①那我们如何能减少情绪化进食呢?②根据里迪的说法，我们之所以节食失败是因为我们想要违反生物学规律、压抑自己的情绪，而这并不是长外之计。③要实现持久的变化，我们必须从根源上解决这个问题。④下面列举几个小建议。
⑤第一，不要跳过任何一餐。⑥挨饿会使得你的生理饥饿感出现紊乱，从而更容易进行情绪化进食。⑦第二，分清真正的生理饥饿和情绪饥饿之间的区别。⑧第三，列出最让你感到脆弱的三种情感，同时开始寻找不同的方式来应对它们。⑨第四，跟专业人士沟通。⑩最好不要忽略情绪化进食，因为它可能会进一步导致一些健康问题，比如腹胀、胀气、反酸和便秘等。第五，出去散散步或者做一些完全不相关的事情，这样可以通过暂时转移注意力来抑制进食的冲动。
情绪化进食是一个揭示了更深层问题的信号。了解你自己和饮食方式可以解决根源问题，从而让你摆脱食物依赖，克服节食失败的恐惧感。
[解析] Para. 1 ①Are you having difficulty following diets? ②【难句】Our lives are way more complex than those which allow us to stick to a monotonous restrictive diet. ③Food psychologist Ridhi Golechha (里迪·格莱查) said, “If all of us could follow diets, we’d all have reached our goals.④Real-life stresses such as lockdown anxiety, relationship conflicts, workload, financial stresses, exasperating parenting, teenage drama, and so much more directly impact how we feel and by virtue, what we eat. ⑤If on paper diets were so easy to follow, then we’d all be part of that tiny ten percent of people in the world (athletes, models, or actresses)—who are permanently fit.”
Para. 2 ⑥We all know of those rough days when all we want is to drown our faces in a tub of ice cream or reach out for that melting chocolate cake. ⑦”Emotional eating is nothing but eating our emotions. ⑧We’re all human with emotions and hunger. ⑨By that definition, all of us are emotional eaters. ⑩We turn to food when we’re overwhelmed with anger, sadness, frustration, or any other significant emotion,” explained Ridhi.
难句理解
分析：本句为复合句，主句是主系表结构，包含一个more… than的比较结构，将our lives与those代表的具体内容进行比较。those后面是which引导的定语从句，对其内涵进行具体解释。
采分点分析
采分点一：基本素质
③句Food psychologist，指研究饮食心理学的相关人员，比如研究文中提到的饮食与情绪的关系，因此可译为“饮食心理学家”，而非“食物心理学家”。
采分点二：选词用词
1．④句采用了一系列形容词/名词+名词的短语，这是英语惯用的表达方式，但中文不一定有对应的结构，因此可以灵活处理，比如lockdown anxiety中lockdown指的是“疫情期间的封锁措施”，可扩充译为“疫情封锁带来的焦虑”；teenage drama同样可根据意思灵活译为“青少年的戏剧化行为”。
2．⑤句on paper diets直译为“纸上的健康食谱”，表达较为别扭，根据上下文可知这里是指按照健康饮食等理论制定的食谱，因此可根据意思处理为“按照理论制定的食谱”。
3．⑩句significant emotion直译为“明显的情绪”，根据上下文可知，这里指“愤怒、悲伤、失望”等情绪，同时原文用了overwhelm一词，因此该短语可进行意译，处理为“强烈的情绪”。
采分点三：理解结构
1．②句包含了一个比较结构more… than，若直译不符合中文的表达习惯，因此需要进行句式结构的转换。可将该复合句拆成两个短句，同时后半句
